Nipah virus (NiV) is an emerging bat-borne pathogen. It was first identified 20 years ago in Malaysia and has since caused outbreaks in other parts of South and Southeast Asia. It causes severe neurological and respiratory disease which is highly lethal. It is highly infectious and spreads in the community through infected animals or other infected people. Different strains of the virus show differing clinical and epidemiological features. Rapid diagnosis and implementation of infection control measures are essential to contain outbreaks. A number of serological and molecular diagnostic techniques have been developed for diagnosis and surveillance. Difficulties in diagnosis and management arise when a new area is affected. The high mortality associated with infection and the possibility of spread to new areas has underscored the need for effective management and control. However, no effective treatment or prophylaxis is readily available, though several approaches show promise. Given the common chains of transmission from bats to humans, a One Health approach is necessary for the prevention and control of NiV infection.

With growing competition in the market and dire need for sustainability, it has become imperative for companies to build long-term relationship with their supply chain partners through sustainable collaboration. Among these, the suppliermanufacturer relationship is crucial for improved organizational, business and sustainable performance. Sustainable collaboration with suppliers involves crucial decision-making processes such as continuous supplier monitoring and supplier development. Hence, a critical challenge that a company faces is to identify the key performance indicators (KPIs) for assessing the performance of a supplier for sustainable collaboration. In this regard, this study focuses on identification of KPIs for an Indian home appliance company through exhaustive discussions involving multiple decision-makers. Further, a grey-based decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) model is proposed in the study for analysing the importance levels among the fifteen KPIs based on multiple stakeholder perspectives. The results of the grey structural model indicate seven KPIs as influencing KPIs and eight KPIs as influenced KPIs. The KPI 'Information disclosure' has been identified as the most influential KPI for the evaluation of suppliers for sustainable collaboration. The implications drawn from the result analysis model can provide meaningful insights to managers for identifying strategies towards strengthening the supplier-manufacturer relationship and achieving organizational and market competence.

In the last few decades, the discovery of various methods for generating secure image hash has become revolutionary in the field of image hashing. This paper presents an efficient approach to obtain image hash through DWT-SVD and a saliency detection technique using spectral residual model. The latest image hashing technique based on ring partition and invariant vector distance is rotation invariant for the large angle at the cost of being insensitive to corner forgery. But, due to the use of the central orientation information, the proposed system is rotation invariant for arbitrary angles along with sensitiveness to corner changes. In addition, we have used the HSV color space that gives desirable classification performance. It provides satisfactory results against large degree rotation, JPEG compression, brightness and contrast adjustment, watermarking, etc. This technique is also sensitive to malicious activities. Moreover, it locates the forged areas of a forged image. We have applied the proposed algorithm to a large collection of images from various databases. The receiver operating characteristics shows that the proposed method is better than some state-of-the-art methods.

Free Space Optics offers many advantages over different communication systems like higher bandwidth, etc. FSO is being used to overcome the drawbacks of other systems like optical and radio communication systems. FSO requires free space as the medium of communication. Attenuation caused bythe medium can degrade a system performance. To overcome the effect of these losses due to attenuation, either the data rate is decreased or the laser power is increased. ] n this article, concept of laser power is analyzed by changing the power level and the performance is compared with that of system with constant power. It has been found that for higher attenuation, there is no significant decrease in link distance where as the power is reduced from 40dBm to IOdBm.

exoU positivity is associated with severe disease, as evidenced by the longer duration of hospital stay of these patients. However, the presence of virulence factors or multi-drug resistance in the cultured strain should not prompt the administration of anti-pseudomonal chemotherapy.