Background:Diarrhea is a condition where individuals experience defecation as much as 3 or more per day with a soft consistency. Diarrhea in children is one of the environmentally-based diseases, and Manado is one of the cities faced with this environmental lead diarrhea problems. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of socioeconomic factors on the occurrence of diarrhea among under-five children in the coastal area of Manado city.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study design was conducted in August 2017. The numbers of respondents were a total of 120 mothers or caregivers with children under five who suffered from diarrhea in the coastal area of Manado. The respondent candidates were selected from the community health center's records of the diarrhea program and further selected by the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The characteristics of mothers and family income were used as indicators of socioeconomic factors. All of the respondents were questioned about the occurrence of their child's diarrhea that they had experienced in the previous 6 months. A structured and well-designed questionnaire was used to obtain data, which were related to sociodemographic, economic, and diarrhea. Generalized structured component analysis in GeSCA software was applied for data analysis.Results:The findings of this study showed significant influence from socioeconomic factors on diarrhea incidence in under-five children (critical ratio = 2.74). In other words, as socioeconomic factors improve, the incidence of diarrhea decreases (B = −0.246). The characteristics of the mother are the indicator of the highest influence (loading value = 0.846).Conclusions:This study identified that the socioeconomic factors are influencing the diarrhea incidence among children under five in the coastal area of Manado city. Thus, to minimize a childhood diarrheal disease, socioeconomic factors are considered when promoting health and community empowerment among the coastal communities of Manado city.
Introduction: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a disease that has caused death across the world, including in Indonesia. CAD is a multifactorial disease. Many studies have been conducted to examine the causes of CAD. Based on previous research, the risk factors questioned are fixed and nonfixed risk factors. Fixed risk factors include age, gender and family history. Nonfixed risk factors include smoking habits, blood cholesterol levels, behavioral types, socioeconomic status and cultural factors, among others. The purpose of this study is to find a structural model of the influence of Mapalus culture and health behavior on the incidence of CAD in the Minahasa ethnic group in North Sulawesi Province. Method: This research is a case-control research type that uses 220 respondents (110 case and 110 control respondents). The variables studied were Mapalus culture (ethos and principles) and health behavior (smoking habits, knowledge of CAD, healthy behavior and sickness behavior) as independent variables and CAD incidence as the dependent variable. Data analysis used pathway analysis by employing GeSCA software. Result: The results of this study indicate that Mapalus culture and health behavior influence the occurrence of CAD. The influence of Mapalus culture will be stronger/greater if it interacts with health behavior. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, control must be exercised on smoking habits, increasing knowledge about CAD and having a healthy lifestyle.
ABSTRAK Tanaman-tanaman lokal yang mengandung antioksidan, yaitu pisang goroho dan labu kuning, digunakan untuk mengembangkan tepung komposit. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi efek pencampuran tepung pisang goroho dengan tepung labu kuning terhadap kandungan fitokimia antioksidan (total fenolik dan beta karoten) dan kapasitas antioksidan (kemampuan menangkal radikal DPPH dan daya reduksi) dari tepung komposit yang dihasilkan dengan menggunakan bantuan ultrasonik pada tahapan ekstraksi. Formulasi tepung komposit yang digunakan (tepung pisang goroho:tepung labu kuning) adalah 75:25, 50:50, dan 25:75. Kandungan total fenolik tepung komposit berkisar antara 98,2- 78,8 mg/kg GAE, dan kandungan beta karoten tepung komposit berkisar antara 186,1-497,8 µg/g. Hasil penelitian menunjukkaan peningkatan kandungan fitokimia antioksidan dan kapasitas antioksidan pada tepung komposit terjadi dengan meningkatnya proporsi tepung labu kuning. ABSTRACT Locally grown crops with antioxidant content i.e. goroho plantain dan yellow pumpkin were used to develop composite flours. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of mixing goroho plantain flour with yellow pumpkin flour on phytochemical content (total phenolic and beta carotene) and antioxidant capacity (DPPH assay and reducing power assay) of developed composite flours, assisted by ultrasound in the extraction step. Flour formulations (goroho plantain flour: yellow pumpkin flour) used were 75:25, 50:50, and 25:75. Total phenolic content of composite flours ranged from 98.2-178.8 mg/kg GAE, and beta carotene content of composite flours ranged from 186,1-497,8 µg/g. The study showed that increased in phytochemical antioxidant content and antioxidant capacity of composite flours were due to increasing in yellow pumpkin flour proportion in composite flour.
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