The results of this in vitro study will be helpful to understand reinforced composite materials for restoring endodontically treated maxillary premolars. (J Esthet Restor Dent 28:412-418, 2016).

Purpose:The aims of this study were to examine the accuracy of iPex II and to compare it with those of Raypex 5, Raypex 6 and iPex electronic apex locators (EALs).Materials and Methods:Thirty fresh human mandibular premolar teeth were used in this study. Crown segments were cut and root canals were coronally flared. A #10 K-file was inserted until its tip can be seen within apical foramen to determine actual working length (AWL). Teeth were embedded in alginate and each multi-frequency EALs were randomly tested to determine the electronic working length (EWL). Differences between AWLs and EWLs were statistically compared.Results:No significant differences were found between four EALs. EWL measurements by Raypex 5 were accurate in 64.29%, Raypex 6 in 53.58%, iPex in 64.29% and iPex II in 50% of the specimens, within the range of ±0.5 mm from the AWL.Conclusion:Within the limitations of this in vitro experiment, our findings indicate that the accuracy of working length measurements calculated with iPex II was similar to those of other multi-frequency EALs used in this study.

No abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate tooth discoloration after the use of root canal sealers and the effect of internal bleaching on sealer discoloration. The crowns of 56 incisors were cut and randomly filled with four sealers (n = 14): Pulpispad, AH26, MTA Fillapex, EndoREZ. The colour measurement was taken with a spectrophotometer prior and after placement of sealers. Colour changes (ΔE) were recorded after 4 weeks then sealers were removed and an internal bleaching treatment was performed. After bleaching treatment colour changes (ΔE) were measured. Data were analysed using ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). All tested sealers induced varying chromatic alterations. Pulpispad showed statistically more discoloration than other sealers (P < 0.05). After bleaching, EndoREZ showed statistically more bleaching ratio than MTA Fillapex and AH26 (P < 0.05). Internal bleaching was efficient in discoloured teeth induced by root canal sealers.

ÖZETAMAÇ: Bu çalışmanın amacı, farklı irrigasyon aktivasyon tekniklerinin kök kanallarında oluşturulan yapay oluklardan debriz uzaklaştırma etkinliklerinin karşılaştırılma-sıdır. GEREÇ