This article describes how the growth process of feminism in China in the perspective of constructivism regarding the life-cycle of norms. In theory, there are three stages of how a norm which in this case is feminism through the life-cycle of norms. This research method uses a qualitative method of literature study. In this article, the findings are that there are three propositions related to the emergence of international norms in feminism in China, the first is Norm emergence which is described by the emergence of one of the famous female figures, namely, He Zhen, who adopted western feminism by not leaving Chinese cultural identity which was considered good for her. Chinese women's social change. In contrast to other reformers, He Zhen specifically separates the case of feminism from nationalism, stating that women's liberation is not for the sake of the nation, but rather a moral necessity. Second, the Norm Cascade is illustrated by the influence of China's state ratification of the Convention Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) held in Copenhagen Denmark, by accepting international norms on gender equality which in turn will require domestic laws to make some changes to suit the issue. Third, Internalization is described by the growth process of Chinese feminism, namely the process of fusion with culture within the body of feminism itself, or in other words, feminism that develops has its own unique characteristics that are not owned by other countries and only China has it.Keywords: Chinese feminism, constructivism perspective, the life-cycle of norms
The fi ndings in this article defy the common assumption that the free market, including the formation of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) in Southeast Asia, is correlated with the creation of a spillover and complex interdependency, reducing confl icts between countries in the region. This fi nding could well contribute as a theory in the academic sphere and as policies in the practical world. The author uses a theoretical framework of structural realism to explain the potential confl ict between countries of the Southeast Asian region. There are four potential confl ict situations among countries in the implementation of AEC: fi rstly, the structure of economic disparity. This situation would construct an identity of in-group -out-group or "us" versus "them" in the context of who gains and loses in the AEC. Secondly, similarity of natural resources. This fact led the Southeast Asian countries to compete and create standardization wherein each party is in hostile competition to claim valid fi ndings and arguments associated with eff orts to reduce or stop the fl ow of imports into their respective countries. Thirdly, competition among businesses, in which AEC constructed free market could potentially provoke the emergence of regional trading cartel. Fourthly, the structure of military power. Historical records show that any economic growth occurring in a country will be accompanied by the growth of its military budget. Keywords:potential confl ict between countries; the ASEAN Economic Community; structural realism. Abstrak Temuan dalam artikel ini menentang asumsi umum bahwa pasar bebas, termasuk pembentukan Komunitas Ekonomi ASEAN (AEC) di
HIV/AIDS epidemic today is not only a health issue but also in many aspects of human life. Its spread and impact that felt by all levels of community cause the importance of consequences for human security. The broad scale of the epidemic leads the United Nations Security Council to do historical effort by adopting 1308 resolution that not only stated health issue in the first time, but also specifically linked the spread of HIV/AIDS to nurture peace and global security. In the first part of the paper, it discusses about what is human security because the concept is a basic of the paper. Further, it discusses how HIV/AIDS can be considered as human security. At the end, it concluded with the recommendation especially for policy makers and practical workers. Keywords: HIV/AIDS, health, human security, South Afrika Abstrak Epidemi HIV/AIDS saat ini tidak hanya menjadi masalah kesehatan tetapi juga dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan manusia. Penyebaran dan dampaknya yang dirasakan oleh seluruh lapisan masyarakat menyebabkan pentingnya konsekuensi bagi keamanan manusia. Skala epidemi yang luas membuat Dewan Keamanan PBB melakukan upaya historis dengan mengadopsi resolusi 1308 yang tidak hanya pertama kali menyatakan masalah kesehatan, tetapi juga secara khusus menghubungkan penyebaran HIV/AIDS untuk memelihara perdamaian dan keamanan global. Pada bagian pertama paper ini membahas tentang apa itu human security karena konsep tersebut merupakan dasar dari paper ini. Selanjutnya dibahas bagaimana HIV/AIDS dapat dianggap sebagai keamanan manusia. Pada akhirnya diakhiri dengan rekomendasi khususnya bagi pembuat kebijakan dan pekerja praktis. Kata Kunci: HIV/AIDS, health, human security,Afrika Selatan
This article will be decribe the economic differences between countries in the northern and southern parts of the world due to the effects of globalization Globalization with all sorts of devices has been able to change the human way of life. Globalization is becoming a way of life. In study of globalization is very strong that the ideology of globalization was born from the idea of neo-liberalism. One of the goals of globalization leads to a free market system aimed at eliminating protectionism and State interference in international trade. Free trade basically only owned by strong capital owners, at a later stage will have economic impact on developed and developing countries (north-south region).
This research aims to describe the quality of population administration services atthe Ponorogo Regency Public Service Mall. In this study, the researchmethodology used by the author is a descriptive research method with aqualitative approach with a view to focusing attention on the problems orphenomena that existed at the time the research was conducted. The keyinformants of the research were the Head of the Department of Population andCivil Registration. To measure service quality, it is necessary to have fiveindicators or better known as 'dimensions', which include: Tangibles, reliability,responsiveness, Assurance, , Empathy.Based on the results of data presentation and analysis, it can be concluded that ingeneral the quality of population administration services at the PonorogogoRegency Public Service Mall is good, needs to be improved such as discipline inservice hours and friendliness of officers at the service counter.Keywords: Tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy
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