Epiphytes are hyper‐diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non‐vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer‐reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non‐vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non‐vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events.
ABSTRACT(Regeneration of tree species infl uenced by Merostachys multiramea Hack. (Poaceae) in a subtropical forest). Th e occurrence of bamboo species is common in several forest physiognomies, and the high abundance of these species may aff ect the regeneration of other ones. We evaluated both tree species and Merostachys multiramea Hack. recruitment in a transition area between mixed Araucaria rain forest and seasonal semideciduous forests in southern Brazil. We compared the regeneration structure of the areas evaluated two and four years aft er fl owering, fruiting and death of M. multiramea. We randomly distributed 25 100 m 2 sampling units, and surveyed all living culms of M. multiramea and tree saplings. We sampled 4,372 living bamboos and 2,918 tree saplings, belonging to 32 plant families and 75 species. Most species were classifi ed as zoochorous and canopy light-demanding. On the other hand, plant abundance revealed a greater contribution of autochorous, understory and shade-tolerant trees. M. multiramea density was higher over the four years aft er the reproductive event (p<0.05), with taller culms (p<0.01), but with the same mean number of culms (p=0.46). A NPMANOVA revealed signifi cant diff erences in composition and abundance between surveys, with higher similarity among samplings two years aft er the reproductive event of M. multiramea. We also detected higher species richness over the study period, which was found to be directly associated with the abundance of M. multiramea (p=0.002), but with lower evenness of abundance among regenerating species.
-(Richness and vertical stratification of vascular epiphytes in Jataí Ecological Station -a Southeast Brazilian Cerrado area). The richness and vertical stratification of vascular epiphytes was studied in Jataí Ecological Station (EEJ), São Paulo State, Brazil. A total of 1,574 epiphytes were recorded, corresponding to 29 species, 20 genera, and seven families. Angiosperms were represented by 23 species and Pteridophytes by six species. The characteristic form, holoepiphytes, was dominant in the area (93.1%). Epiphytes specialists were most common in the area, contributing with about 55% of species (17% trunk epiphytes and 38% canopy epiphytes); generalist species contributed 42%, and hemiepiphytes, with 3%. The intermediate zones had the highest number of species and more number of records. There was a significant difference among species that comprise the lower zones and the upper zones in the host trees. The richness and distribution of epiphytes are determined by some climatic factors, but the moisture and light intensity are the most important regulatory factors in the cerrado area researched. Key words: Ecological types, growth form, hotspots, phytosociology of epiphytes RESUMO -(Riqueza e estratificação vertical de epífitas vasculares na Estação Ecológica de Jataí -área de Cerrado no Sudeste do Brasil). A riqueza e a estratificação vertical das epífitas vasculares foram estudadas na Estação Ecológica deJataí (EEJ), SP, Brasil. No total, 1.574 epífitas pertencentes a 29 espécies, 20 gêneros e sete famílias foram encontradas. As Angiospermas foram representadas por 23 espécies e as Samambaias, por seis espécies. Os holoepífitos característicos formam dominantes na área (93,1%). Epífitas especialistas foram predominantes na área, cerca de 55% das espécies (17% de epífitas de fuste e 38% de epífitas de copa); as espécies generalistas contribuíram com cerca de 42% e as hemiepífitas com 3%. As zonas intermediárias apresentaram maior número de espécies e maior número de registros. Houve diferença significativa entre as espécies que compõem as zonas inferiores e as zonas superiores nos forófitos. A riqueza e a distribuição de epífitas são determinadas pelos fatores microclimáticos, sendo a umidade e a intensidade luminosa os fatores reguladores mais importantes na área de Cerrado estudada. Palavras-chave: Fitossociologia de epífitas, forma de crescimento, hotspots, tipos ecológicos
-(Vascular epiphytes in Estação Ecológica Barreiro Rico Ecological Station, Anhembi, São Paulo State, Brazil: diversity, abundance, and vertical stratification). Diversity, abundance, and vertical stratification of vascular epiphytes were studied in the Barreiro Rico Ecological Station, a Semideciduous Seasonal Forest in São Paulo State, Brazil. Of the 25 species found (15 genera and six families), the Angiosperms were represented by 20 species and the ferns by five. The Shannon diversity (H') was 2.77 nats. The characteristic holoepiphytes are dominant in the area (88%) as well as the anemochoric species (60%). The orchid family showed the greatest richness, but also the rarest species (Epiphytic Importance Value < 1). The intermediate height zones had the highest number of species and records.The zones next to the ground and the outermost canopy were dominated by species with distinctive features, adapted to shaded environments or extreme luminosity respectively. The species distribution and abundance indicate a relatively simple epiphytic community influenced by few dominant factors and limited by microclimatic factors.
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