When compared to the 40°-angled mediolateral episiotomies, 60°-angled ones were associated with significantly higher short-term-related pain. Although they were also associated with lower rate of third/fourth-degree perineal tears and higher rate of long-term related pain and dyspareunia, these differences did not reach a statistically significant level.

Because of the absence of any beneficial effect of meperidine on uterine dystocia, its use in labor should be limited to pain relief in the absence of epidural analgesia.

The present results indirectly support the hypothesis that infectious agents (in particular C. pneumoniae) have a role in the development of pre-eclampsia. The findings also indicate that antichlamydial treatment might help to reduce the incidence of pre-eclampsia.

Background: Embryo transfer (ET) is one of the most crucial steps in IVF/ICSI treatment. Although it, apparently, seems simple, it is an integral part of IVF/ICSI and can affect the outcome of the whole treatment cycle. The majority of couples (approximately 80%) who undergo IVF reach the ET stage, yet few pregnancies occur. The pregnancy rate after ET is dependent on multiple factors including embryo quality, endometrial receptivity, and the technique of the ET. Aim of the Work: The aim of the current study is to investigate the clinical and ongoing clinical pregnancy rates in women who experience difficult embryo transfer (ET) after IVF/ICSI cycle. Patients and Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted at Dar Al-Teb Infertility and IVF Center between January 2017 and January 2018. The study included 417 women planned to undergo ET. Results: The biochemical, clinical and ongoing clinical pregnancy rates were significantly lower in women who had difficult ET when compared to women who had easy ET [ORs 0.5, 95% CI (0.31 to 0.83); 0.48, 95% CI (0.29 to 0.79); 0.36, 95% CI (0.21 to 0.62); respectively]. Conclusion: Difficult ET is associated with significantly reduced biochemical, clinical and ongoing clinical pregnancy rates. Recommendations: ET should be smooth with easy passage of the transfer catheter. Since any uterine manipulation during ET adversely affects IVF results, therefore precaution should be taken to identify possibly difficult ET cases in advance.

Objective The current study aims to compare between mid-thigh soft tissue formula and modified mid-thigh soft tissue formula with Hadlock formula in estimation of fetal weight. Materials and methods Two hundred full term pregnant women attending Ain Shams Maternity Hospital in the period from April 2018 and April 2019 were included in this comparative study. Whole study group (200 women) had 2D ultrasonography using Hadlock's formula, thigh soft tissue formula and Modified thigh soft tissue formula. Results In our current study Hadlock's formula was better than thigh soft tissue and modified thigh soft tissue formula in estimation of fetal weight. Conclusions Fetal mid-thigh SST is a simple, useful, and easily applicable parameter for fetal weight estimation.