The quality of education being provided in Nigeria is a source of concern to many stakeholders. This is particularly true of the higher education sub-sector of the country's education system. Thus, there is need for suggestions on ways through which these concerns may be addressed. This paper attempts to respond to this need by giving administrators' perspectives on strategies for enhancing the quality of education in the country. Starting with elucidation of the concept of quality in education, the paper propounds a tripartite model of quality in education. Using the model as an analytical point of departure, it discusses the gaps in quality assurance in Nigerian education and makes recommendations for improvement.
Bonga field located in deepwater of the Niger Delta in Nigeria, started production in November 2005 and from inception with sustained water injection for pressure maintenance. By 2006, Production Universe which is a state-of-the-art Shell production monitoring and allocation tool was deployed as part of the Bonga Smart Field's Foundation Mark-1 implementation and this has been used for Bonga production allocation process. The Smart Fields Foundation Mark-1 project aimed to provide the Bonga asset with solid data and models for production surveillance and optimisation. Accurate production allocation has always posed a threat to efficient well and reservoir management in the oil and gas in industry. The traditional approach to production back-allocation to individual wells and reservoir is usually based on ‘one-point’ well test data with the clear assumption that production from this well(s) remains constant (regardless of the prevailing situation affecting this well) for the period of interest. Meanwhile, in Bonga with the support of a real-time ‘virtual meter’ called Production Universe, we have been able to demonstrate significant improvement in our production allocation process as shown in the improved production reconciliation factor between estimated and measured field production data. Bonga is a field with varying flow rates in the producer wells with very fast response to changes in injection rates. Consequently, accurate production allocation significantly improved the Bonga well and Reservoir Management process. The result of this paper is empirically based supported by data and shared experiences in Bonga field and could be applied in other similar operating assets with the benefit of improved production allocation.
Shell Companies in Nigeria have engaged aggressively in searching for means of optimally draining the predominantly stacked reservoirs of the Niger Delta operating region. This quest, in 2002, led to the identification/adoption of intelligent well completion (IWC) technology as an acceptable means of connecting the multiple/stacked productive reservoirs to a single production well conduit (Single String Multiple - SSM). This paper serves to describe how a dedicated deployment team analyzed various proven intelligent completions architectures and ultimately settled for the ‘direct hydraulic' system as the pilot trial IWC solution for SPDC's Well Victor-2, a 3-Zone intelligent well The design comprises of interval/zonal isolation packers, Interval Control Valves (ICV), tubing and annulus Permanent Downhole Gauges (PDHG) for each zone and a low powered single well Surface Hydraulic System (SHS) with downhole data acquisition capability. The system is to be remotely monitored and operated by means of a field management supervisory application, named SmartWell Master™ (SWM), with some customization to accommodate the remote power and identified communication infrastructure constraint. The design offers easy operation and integration with the field control operational requirements and communication infrastructure. In recognition of the regional security challenges, the SHS and associated communication components were designed to be protected by an external enclosure which should allow front access for maintenance purposes - this is in addition to the customized platform design. Within the same protective platform enclosure, a Thermoelectric Generation unit (TEG) is installed to provide the SHS with necessary electrical power. A major configuration design challenge was that of ensuring efficient deployment of three hydraulic packers intandem noting that several deployment challenges had previously been recorded for single hydraulic packers' installations. Also, there were fears of inability to adequately confirm proper installation/sealing of a combination of external swell packers (integral with lower completion string) and internal hydraulic packers (integral with upper completion string). This paper further outlines how cementation, dimensional accuracies, proper integration of lower and upper completions compatibility, assurance of proper platform design, surface equipment communication, definition and management of the interfaces between all vendors involved in the pilot deployment project, proper stakeholders engagement, among others were considered and treated as key success factors to the pilot installation.
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