<p><em>Etnis Tionghoa sering mendapat stigma negatif sebagai warga negara Indonesia, karena dianggap kurang memiliki rasa nasionalisme terhadap NKRI. Etnis Tionghoa dianggap memiliki kecenderungan mempertahankan ajaran Konfusianisme yang berbeda dengan keyakinan masyarakat lokal, meskipun telah lama mukim di Indonesia. Fenomena tersebut berusaha diteliti dengan menggunakan paradigma kualitatif-fenomenologi untuk mengungkap kontekstualisasi ajaran Konfusianisme dalam membangun nilai-nilai nasionalisme. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa ajaran Konfusianisme memuat nilai-nilai cinta tanah air sejak kecil, bermula dari penanaman moral yang luhur, berbakti pada orang tua, leluhur, dan hormat kepada orang yang lebih tua. Proses aktualisasi nilai-nilai cinta tanah air dalam Konfusianisme adalah penguatan moral generasi muda agar tidak mudah terkikis oleh perilaku yang merusak tatanan sosial dan tatanan bernegara dan penguatan integrasi etnis Tionghoa dalam kerangka NKRI dengan struktur masyarakat yang majemuk.</em></p><p><strong><em>Kata kunci: </em></strong><em>Etnis Tionghoa, Konfusianisme, kontekstualisasi, aktualisasi, nasionalisme.</em></p>
ABSTRAK Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan berbagai konsentrasi minyak kelapa murni ke profil asam lemak, aktivitas antibakteri dan antioksidan kefir. Kefir VCO yang dibuat pada penelitian ini terbuat dari susu sapi yang difermentasi selama kurang lebih 2 hari menggunakan biji kefir dengan konsentrasi 5%, dengan suhu inkubasi 28ºC. Penelitian ini terdiri dari empat perlakuan dimana masing-masing perlakuan terdiri dari tiga ulangan yaitu P0 (kefir tanpa VCO), P1 (kefir dengan VCO 2%), P2 (kefir dengan VCO 4%), P3 (kefir dengan VCO 6%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan VCO memberikan hasil yang signifikan (P <0,01) pada aktivitas antibakteri dan antioksidan. Hasil uji antibakteri kefir dalam semua perlakuan memiliki daya hambat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi VCO, semakin besar zona penghambatan terbentuk. Aktivitas antioksidan dalam VCO kefir meningkat nilainya dengan peningkatan konsentrasi VCO. Sementara hasil profil asam lemak menunjukkan peningkatan dan penurunan asam lemak karena proses fermentasi.Kata kunci: aktivitas antibakteri, antioksidan, kefir, lemak, minyak kelapa murni, profil asam lemakABSTRACTKefir in this research made of milk fermented for 48 hours with grain kefir a concentration of 5%, with incubation temperature is 28ºC. This study was used with four treatments and each treatment consisted of three replications. The treatment used was P0 (kefir without VCO), P1 (kefir with VCO 2%), P2 (kefir with VCO 4%), P3 (kefir with VCO 6%). The results showed that the addition of VCO give a significant effect (P<0.01) on the antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The antibacterial activity of VCO kefir in all treatments were unable to strongly inhibit bacterial growth. The higher VCO concentration has added the vast inhibition zone was formed. The antioxidant activity in VCO kefir increases in value with increasing VCO concentration. While the result of the fatty acid profile showed an increase and decrease in fatty acids due to the fermentation process.Keywords: antibacterial activities, antioxidant, fat, fatty acid profile, kefir, virgin coconut oil
Industrial estates are usually reflected in the existence of a certain standardization. The green industrial area was born with Green Supply Chain Management. The halal industry gave birth to Halal supply chain management. So far, there has not been an application of an environmentally friendly concept in the halal industrial area that applies the concept of Halal supply chain management. The concept of Halal supply chain management should complement the existing concepts. This is what the researchers then found a middle way to do by continuing to carry out Halal Supply Chain Management which is also environmentally friendly. This research is a literature study by examining the quality of the study, the process of collecting and sorting data according to the intended object, data analysis, interpretation of the results, and recommendations of the research results. The results of the analysis show that Halal is reflected in Halal Supply Chain Management, while Green Supply Chain Management reflects “thoyyībān” (good) in the environment. The two concepts basically become one unit in "hālalān thoyyībān". So that the results of research with the implementation of environmentally friendly concepts in the supply chain of the halal industry have an additional positive impact in three aspects, namely. Financial, Environmental, and Social
This study concludes that the problem that exists in society, especially the followers of the hermitage (padepokan) dimas kanjeng, is an internal problem in the form of a crisis of orientation and dislocation in their personality. These conditions cause disorientation and experience unclear direction, or experience dislocation. Such a society is in a condition of high expectations, namely obtaining financial economy instantly. The nature of greed and ambitious souls dominates the conditions of an unstable following society plus the practice of individual cult centered on one person kanjeng dimas who is glorified. Cults were raised with their performance and the embedding of a great name that made them admired because they were considered to have advantages above average. To recruit followers, The strategy used by Padepokan Dimas Kanjeng is a very subtle approach, polite words and tempting the followers to believe everything that is conveyed by the head of the padepokan. The lure of getting double the money becomes an attraction for followers to join. This study uses a qualitative approach and the data are collected through interview, observation, and documentation toward condition of followers padepokan since 2016 until 2020. The informant of interview religious leaders from Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) Probolinggo resident, the officials of Ministry of Religious Affairs in Probolinggo, and prominent leader of citizens of the locus this study.
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