In the search for ultraviolet radiation exposure protective textile to minimize risk factors for skin cancer, we synthesized a Schiff base ligand from the condensation reaction 2,4‐dihyroxybenzaldehyde with p‐amino aniline. Also, the Schiff base complexes with Fe (III), Mn (II), and Cr (III) were synthesized. The ligand and the complexes were characterized by ultraviolet (UV)‐visible, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H 13C NMR, X‐ray diffraction, and elemental analysis. We treated cotton fabric (CF) with the complexes to achieve the conventional fabric materials with highly efficient and durable UV protection properties. The modified CF is also characterized via different techniques. UV protection properties of coated fabrics are investigated by measuring UV protection factor values. Excellent UV protection even after 10 washing cycles can be used in protective textiles. In contrast to fungal activity, modified CF demonstrated strong antibacterial activity. We used the density functional theory to compute the reactivity indices and the binding energy of the complexes with the cellulosic fiber. The theoretical results favor binding the Fe (III) complex with the cellulose fiber. Also, Fe (III) metal complexes gave the highest antibacterial and UV protection. The modified fabrics' antibacterial and excellent UV protection make the studied complexes potential candidates for applying UV protective (ultraviolet protection factor) textiles.
Removing organic dyes from contaminated wastewater resulting from industrial effluents with a cost-effective approach addresses a major global challenge. The adsorption technique onto carbon-based materials and metal oxide is one of the most effective dye removal procedures. The current work aimed to evaluate the application of calcium oxide-doped carbon nitride nanostructures (CaO-g-C3N4) to eliminate basic fuchsine dyes (BF) from wastewater. CaO-g-C3N4 nanosorbent were obtained via ultrasonication and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, TEM, and BET. The TEM analysis reveals 2D nanosheet-like nanoparticle architectures with a high specific surface area (37.31 m2/g) for the as-fabricated CaO-g-C3N4 nanosorbent. The adsorption results demonstrated that the variation of the dye concentration impacted the elimination of BF by CaO-C3N4 while no effect of pH on the removal of BF was observed. Freundlich isotherm and Pseudo-First-order adsorption kinetics models best fitted BF adsorption onto CaO-g-C3N4. The highest adsorption capacity of CaO-g-C3N4 for BF was determined to be 813 mg. g−1. The adsorption mechanism of BF is related to the π-π stacking bridging and hydrogen bond, as demonstrated by the FTIR study. CaO-g-C3N4 nanostructures may be easily recovered from solution and were effectively employed for BF elimination in at least four continuous cycles. The fabricated CaO-g-C3N4 adsorbent display excellent BF adsorption capacity and can be used as a potential sorbent in wastewater purification.
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