This study examined the validity of the J-Curve Phenomenon and Marshall-Lerner Condition in the Nigerian context using data from 1982-2020. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag Bounds test method of cointegration was employed for the analysis of short-run and long-run effects of exchange rate uncertainty on the trade balance. The long-run result endorsed the validity of the Marshall-Lerner Condition in Nigeria. Thus, a depreciation of the Naira improves the trade balance in the long run. However, the results of the short-run dynamics revealed that there is no J-Curve phenomenon in Nigeria. The study recommends diversification of exports to improve the performance of Nigeria’s non-oil exports. In addition, fiscal, monetary and exchange rate policies should be properly harmonized to tackle trade deficits. Furthermore, there should be more investment in Research and Development in Nigeria to improve the value of goods exported and the competitiveness of its exports in the arena of international trade.

No abstract

This paper investigated the impact of exchange rate volatility on exports in Nigeria utilizing data from 2005Q1 to 2020Q4. The ARCH model and its extensions of GARCH, TARCH and EGARCH models and nominal effective exchange rate were employed to measure exchange rate volatility. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag Bounds test methodology was used to examine the short-run and long-run effects of exchange rate volatility on exports. The findings validated the presence of exchange rate volatility. In addition, the results revealed that exchange rate volatility had a negative and insignificant impact on exports. The study, thus, recommends that the government of Nigeria through the Central Bank of Nigeria should foster stable regimes of exchange rate through the implementation of appropriate policies of the exchange rate. Also, an enabling environment for the production of exportable goods should be provided by the government.

This study examined the relationship between military outlay and economic growth in the Lake Chad Basin countries of Nigeria and the Republic of Chad respectively by testing the causal link between these two principal variables. The data ranges used for Nigeria and Chad were 1981-2019 and 1983-2019 respectively. The econometric method employed for this study was the Autoregressive Distributed Lag Bounds approach to cointegration. The results revealed that Nigeria's military outlay exerted a positive and insignificant relationship with economic growth. However, the Republic of Chad's military outlay had a positive and significant link with economic growth. The results of the causality test showed that there was no causal relationship between real GDP per capita and military outlay in both Nigeria and the Republic of Chad. These findings for Nigeria and Chad imply that they can pursue the policy objectives of defence and economic growth independently. The study, thus, recommends that the policymakers of the governments of both countries should pursue the policy objectives of defence and economic growth independently. Furthermore, the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) and Independent Corrupt Practices and other Related Offences Commission (ICPC), charged with the responsibility of fighting corruption should rise to the occasion and track down military officials that divert defence funds for individual gains in Nigeria.

This study investigated the relationship between motivation and workers' performance at the University of Abuja. It utilized a descriptive research design. Both primary and secondary data were utilized in the study. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression methodology were employed on a sample of 337 workers’ obtained from 2145 workers through the stratified sampling method. The findings revealed that salary increase, promotions, allowances, regular timely salary and involvement in decision-making had a positive and significant effect on workers' performance at the University of Abuja. However, bonuses and fringe benefits had a negative and significant influence on workers’ performance. Furthermore, workers of the University of Abuja were not motivated by annual increments, recognition and supervision. The study recommends that the management of the University of Abuja should sustain their policies on salary increases, promotions, allowances, regular timely salary and involvement in decision making since they were yielding the desired outcomes. In addition, the policies of the University regarding annual increment, recognition and supervision should be strengthened and made to be effective. Furthermore, the policy on bonuses and fringe benefits should be reviewed as a result of their counterproductive nature.