Related to the importance of selectivity to natural fibers that can be used and qualify as one of the raw material composite engineering substitute for Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FRP) or Fiber Reinforced Metals (FRM), one plants that have the potential of fiber and volume growth is very abundant, namely abaca. This research aims to clarify scattering in tensile strength of an abaca single fiber through statistical approach and to search a way of suppression in the scatter with intention that abaca fibers can be used as a raw material for engineering structural components. Tensile test specimens were prepared from fiber samples from two different areas, East Aceh and North Aceh, Indonesia. Specimen gauge length is 25 mm, then as the holder of a fiber made of paper (20mm x 100mm), where the specimen size for fiber tensile test in accordance with JIS standard K-760. Diameter the specimen fibers obtained varied from 0.060 mm to 0.140 mm. The tensile strength of abaca fiber varies in the wide range from 100 MPa to 900 MPa. Coefficient of variation was calculated for East Aceh abaca fibre 0.32 and North Aceh abaca fibre 0.35. It was examined whether Weibull distribution or log-normal distribution could well express scatted experimental results. The results showed that both the distribution types could well express the experimental probabilty density, but log-normal distribution could be more rational for expression of biologial and chronological effects. To reduce scattering of tensile strength, pre-screening concept was proposed.
The quality of teachers will be better if the stakeholders are able to prepare competent teachers, so that teachers can make changes and adapt to the progress of science and technology. The problem experienced by partners is that not all teachers are looking to continue to develop themselves; limited trainings related to competency improvement, capacity building training models that can be implemented in schools. This activity aims to provide an increase in the professional capacity of SMK teachers. Partners in this activity are teachers of SMK Negeri 4 Lhokseumawe. As for the method of implementing the activities carried out by workshops and In House Training. The results of the evaluation of community empowerment service activities have been able to make a real contribution in increasing knowledge, understanding, and increasing the professional capacity of teachers through continuous training activities. The implementation of this service activity is able to help partner teachers in their potential to become professional teachers by participating in ongoing training through workshops and jam sessions. The knowledge, understanding, skills and productivity of teachers have increased through increasing the professional capacity of Vocational High School teachers.
AbstrakInovasi dalam bidang material komposit menuntut terciptanya material yang lebih ramah lingkungan. Saat ini komposit serat alam (green material) patut dipertimbangkan menjadi material yang sangat berpotensi untuk mensubstitusi komposit serat sintetis sebagai material teknik. Serat alam mempunyai kekurangan karena mempunyai scatter sifat mekanik yang sangat besar. Salah satu cara untuk mengatasi kekurangan tersebut adalah melalui pemilihan proses manufaktur (fabrikasi) komposit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat prototype komposit plastik berpenguat serat abaca (AFRP) menggunakan metode Vakum (Vacum Assested Resin Infusion (VARI)). Semua spesimen dilakukan postcure pada suhu 800 C selama 2 jam. Sifat mekanik dari komposit dievaluasi uji tariknya. Komposit AFRP difabrikasi dengan fraksi volume (Vf) : 20%, 30% , 40%, serta ukuran spesimen uji (140x5x1) mm. Dengan proses fabrikasi sebagai berikut: 1) Serat abaca disusun dalam cetakan kaca yang memanjang sejajar (00) kemudian dimasukkan ke dalam kantong plastik vakum. 2) Resin dicampur hardener dialirkan kedalam cetakan yang sudah kondisi vakum. Metode cetakan ini dapat menghilangkan gelembung udara di dalam komposit sehingga diharapkan kekuatan tarik komposit menjadi lebih tinggi. Bahan-bahan yang diperlukan dalam penelitian ini adalah: Serat abaca, Resin BTQN 157-EX, Hardener MEKPO dan Wax. Peralatan yang diperlukan adalah: Instalasi cetak vakum, Alat uji tarik, Kamera digital, dan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Penampang patahan diselidiki untuk mengidentifikasi mekanisme perpatahannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kekuatan dan regangan tarik komposit memiliki harga optimum untuk (Vf) 40%, yaitu 257 Mpa dan 0.44%. Penampang patahan komposit diklasifikasikan sebagai jenis patah slitting in multiple area sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa komposit plastik berpenguat serat abaca memiliki potensi yang cukup besar untuk diaplikasikan sebagai material struktural. Kata kunci: Serat Abaca, AFRP, Kekuatan tarik, VARI, Scanning Electron Microscope AbstractInnovation in composite materials demands the creation of more environmentally friendly materials. Currently the composite of natural fibers (green material) should be considered to be a material that has the potential to substitute synthetic fiber composites as engineering materials. Natural fibers have disadvantages because they have a very large mechanical properties scatter. One way to overcome these shortcomings is through the selection of a composite manufacturing (fabrication) process. The purpose of this research is to make prototype of plastic composite with abaca fiber (AFRP) using Vacuum Assured Resin Infusion (VARI)). All specimens were performed postcure at 800 C for 2 hours. The mechanical properties of the composites are evaluated by the tensile test. The AFRP composite is fabricated by volume fraction (Vf): 20%, 30%, 40%, as well as test specimen size (140x5x1) mm. With the fabrication process as follows: 1) Abaca fiber is arranged in a parallel laminated glass mold (00) then put in a vacuum plastic bag. 2) The resin in the mixed hardener flowed into a mold that has a vacuum condition. This mold method can remove air bubbles inside the composite so that the expected composite tensile strength becomes higher. The materials needed in this research are: Abaca fiber, BTQN 157-EX Resin, MEKPO and Wax Hardener. The necessary equipment are: Vacuum printing installation, Tensile test equipment, Digital camera, and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Fault cross sections were investigated to identify the fracture mechanism. The results showed that the strength and composite tensile strain had the optimum price for (Vf) 40%, ie 257 Mpa and 0.44%. The composite fault cross section is classified as a type of broken slitting in multiple areas so it can be concluded that the plastic composite of abaca fibers has considerable potential to be applied as a structural material. Keywords: Abaca Fiber, AFRP, Tensile Strength, VARI, Scanning Electron Microscope
Proses belajar mengajar selama masa dan pasca pandemi Covid-19 telah berakibat pada menurunnya kemampuan siswa dalam memahami materi sehingga diperlukan sebuah media pembelajaran inovatif yang dapat membantu siswa untuk belajar secara mandiri. Mitra dalam pengabdian pemberdayaan masyarakat ini adalah guru-guru SMK Negeri 4 Lhokseumawe. Permasalahan yang dihadapi mitra saat ini adalah: 1) belum semua media pembelajaran yang digunakan guru bersifat inovatif; 2) minat membaca siswa masih rendah; dan 3) belum meratanya keterampilan guru dalam menyusun atau mengembangan modul pembelajaran menjadi e-modul; dan 4) guru masih berfokus menggunakan modul ajar cetak yang telah tersedia di perpustakaan sekolah. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan penguatan keterampilan bagi guru dalam merancang dan mengembangkan emodul pembelajaran. Pelatihan ini menggunakan pendekatan student centered learning dengan model project based learning. Hasil pengabdian ini menunjukkan bahwa guru mitra telah mampu menghasilkan produk berupa emodul pembelajaran dengan kategori layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran interaktif. Peningkatan keterampilan guru terlihat dari kemampuan menyusun dan mengembangan bahan ajar menjadi e-modul berbasis software 3d pageflip professional https://bit.ly/3h4CvVm dan telah digunakan dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar secara online.
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