The world is suffused with self-organised groups asserting themselves in the policymaking corridors of governments and private-for-profits in order to jointly address stubborn societal challenges characterised as wicked problems. These self-organised bodies, labelled the third sector, operate in the advanced, developing, as well as less developed countries. This paper reviews the contemporary background of the third sector, its conceptual basis, its identity crisis and prospects for future development in the context of public governance in Nigeria. It does so premised on an orientation towards new governance tradition and heuristics. It argues that a better understanding of the concept, and governance role of the sector, by government policymakers, private-for-profits, and third sector actors themselves, will strengthen home grown cross-boundary collaboration for a more effective service delivery across the country.
This study examined the level of water scarcity across Kazaure town, Jigawa State and the strategies employed by public and private agencies to increase their resilience toward access to affordable and safe clean water supply. Water scarcity is one of the major challenges affecting the livelihood of people in Kazaure town. The aim of the study was to examine water scarcity at micro level, in Kazaure town. A total of 1520 samples were selected which constituted 0.4% of the total population. The respondents were selected using availability sampling at water collection points of which only 1500 questionnaires were successfully returned and 20 were not. The data was analysed using simple descriptive statistics and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) single factor. Results revealed that 20% of the sampled population has resorted to land leasing near water sources for their farming activities, 53% has stopped dry season farming in the area of fishing, 45% of the sample respondents have stopped fishing while 56.5% indicated that they have resorted to providing their water needs by themselves. The study revealed that there are only 60 hand pump boreholes in the whole of Kazaure. The ANOVA test also indicated that there were no significant differences in terms of water sources between the settlements at 0.05 level (P 0.067) and there were significant differences in terms of water facility types between the settlements at 0.05 level of significance (P 0.046). It was established from the study that water scarcity has negatively affected livelihood activities in the study area. The paper recommends that private sectors should be encouraged to pool resources together to provide and improve water supply projects and state and local government should provide more mechanical powered bore holes in the areas for effective water supply.
Uncovering metagovernance in collaborative settings in Kano state, Nigeria, is the main concern of this paper. The central question explored was, what were the governing frameworks used by government policy officials and third sector chief executives (CEOs) to metagovern collaboration in the resource constrained state? This question was explored using an interpretivist qualitative research design that involved in-depthinterview sources and document analysis. The interviews consisted of a total of 12 participants, six government policy officials and six third sector chief executives, and, in each case, lasted an hour-and-the-half, in three cycles, over a period of three months. The interviews were analysed with the aid of NVivo-8 software as a data processing tool. The study findings suggest that although there was no standard framework for governing collaboration that could be described as systematic metagovernance, pragmatic combinations of a dominant ‘dynamic approach’ and an emerging ‘stable approach’ were employed to govern government-third sector collaboration in the state. Despite the limitations of this approach, it had prevailed in collaborative settings in the state for at least two decades and now urgently requires replacement. The paper concludes that for collaboration to be effective in delivering public services and publicly desired outcomes, key features of the dynamic and the stable approach to collaboration must be merged to co-create an innovative and resilient metagovernance system that will serve all actors involved in co-construction and co-creation activities in the state.
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