Bade community in Northern Yobe State has been known as a ‘hotspot’ of chronic kidney disease of unknown source (CKDu). There have been high cases of chronic kidney disease of unknown underlying causes among the population based on hospital records. Despite the various research efforts to uncover the root cause of the disease in the area, the actual aetiology still appeared unknown. This study has reviewed all the research so far carried out regarding the disease so as to provide novel insight that will guide future research. Eleven (11) related peer-reviewed articles that focused directly or indirectly on the disease were surveyed and systematically reviewed. The findings of the relevant published articles totaling (5) were placed within the context of CKDu-related case studies particularly Sri Lankan Nephropathy and other relevant literature. The idea behind this decision is rooted from the similarity of the case as the two affected locales shared in common geography, means of livelihoods (paddy agriculture) and disease pattern. The review revealed that none of the previous investigations has drawn any scientific logical conclusion on the actual aetiology of Bade CKDu. However, previous studies have implicated exposure to heavy metals in various mediums (water and food resources) as potential ‘trigger’ of the disease. Therefore, it is suggested that adopting geospatially-fluent CKDu aetiology scouting approach could help to uncover the underlying cause of the disease in the area. The outcome that will emanate from adopting such type of approach will counter or confirm the existing speculations on the aetiology disease and in turn, will help concerned authorities address the issue.
Understanding the availability and distribution of wetlands is key to conservation, exploitation and better management of wetlands resources. The wetlands of Kumadugu-Yobe river basin are widely spread within the sedimentary formation beyond the famous Hadejia Nguru wetlands. This study identified and map out the spatial distribution of KYRB wetlands using field observation information, the basin base map, the topographical map and high resolution Google image and Advance very High Resolution spectroradiometer (AVHRS) NDVI (Normalized Vegetation Differncial Index) data of 2018, in mapping the wetlands spatial distribution pattern. The findings of the study classified the basin wetlands in to flood plain along the river banks, surface depressions ponds and Oasis. The basin wetlands are spread all over the sedimentary geological formation of the basin. The wetlands of the mid and downstream parts of KYRB are largely spread along river Yobe, river Kumadugu-Gana, small tributaries (Alaraba, Damaturu, Budum-Gana among others), famous Hadejia-Nguru wetlands, Oases at the northern parts of the river Yobe and isolated pockets of ponds. The study recommended for effective geo data base for the wetlands.
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