The aim of the present study was to investigate the capacity of extracts of Dialium guineense stem bark to ameliorate carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 )-induced oxidative stress in liver of Wistar rats. Adult male Wistar rats (n = 25) weighing 160 -180 g (mean weight = 170 ± 10g) were randomly assigned to five groups (5 rats per group): normal control, CCl 4 control, silymarin, aqueous extract and ethanol extract groups.With the exception of normal control, the rats were exposed to CCl 4 at a single oral dose of 1.0mL/kg body weight, bwt. Rats in the silymarin group were administered silymarin (standard hepatoprotective drug) at a dose of 100 mg/kg bwt, while those in the two treatment groups received 1000 mg/kg bwt of aqueous or ethanol extract orally for 28 days. Activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) and Glutathione Reductase (GR) were evaluated in plasma. The results showed that there were no significant differences in the concentrations of TP among the groups (p > 0.05). The activities of all the antioxidant enzymes measured as well as levels of GSH and NO were significantly lower in CCl 4 control group than in normal control group, but they were increased by extract treatment (p < 0.05). However, the level of plasma MDA increased by CCl 4 intoxication reduced after treatment (p < 0.05). These results suggest that extracts of D. guineense stem bark could potentiate the antioxidant system in the amelioration of CCl 4 -induced oxidative stress in rat liver.(CCl 3 ), trichloromethylperoxy (OOCCl 3 ), and chlorine (Cl) free
The present study investigated the effect of methanol fraction of ethanol extract of Dialium guineense (MEDG) stem bark on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced oxidative stress in rat liver. Male albino rats of Wistar strain (n = 25, mean weight = 215 ± 15 g) were randomly assigned to five groups (5 rats/group): normal control, diabetic control, metformin, MEDG [200 mg/kg body weight (bwt)] and MEDG (300 mg/kg bwt) groups. Diabetes mellitus was induced in the rats via intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg bwt STZ. The diabetic rats were treated for 21 days with either metformin (50 mg/kg bwt) or the extract at doses of 200 and 300 mg/kg bwt, respectively. Activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) as well as antioxidant vitamins (retinoic acid, ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol) were measured in 20 % liver homogenate. The results showed that induction of diabetes mellitus with STZ significantly increased the fasting blood glucose (FBG) concentrations of the rats (p < 0.05). However, treatment of the diabetic rats with the extract markedly reduced the blood glucose concentration and body weights of rats (p < 0.05). Treatment of diabetic Wistar rats with MEDG stem bark significantly increased the activities of the antioxidant enzymes and molecules as well as concentrations of nitric oxide (NO), but it markedly reduced the concentrations of hepatic total protein (TP) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (p < 0.05). These results indicate that MEDG stem bark can potentiate antioxidant defense in diabetic rat liver.
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