Background: Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases (ESBLs) producing bacteria are increasing in number and causing more severe infections because of their continuous mutation and multidrug resistance property which make its treatment difficult. Thus reliable, sensitive and low cost method to detect ESBLs producers, therefore, is of major interest.

Background: Extended Spectrum β -Lactameses Producing Organisms (ESBLs) are increasing in number and causing more severe infections because of their continuous mutation and multidrug resistance property with limited therapeutic option. Aims and Objectives: Present study was undertaken to detect the prevalence of the ESBLs producing bacteria in wound infection, so as to provide a base line data in treating them & prevent unnecessary use of antibiotics Methods: Isolated gram-negative bacteria initially screened by Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) ESBLs breakpoints. Then suspected ESBLs producers were confirmed by Phenotypic confirmatory test. Results: 105 (One hundred five) (91.30%) bacterial strains were isolated from 115 samples of wound swab & pus from different patients were studied of which 84(80.00%) were Gram-negative and 21(20.00%) were Gram-positive. Among the isolated Gram-negative bacteria 79(94.05%) were found suspected ESBLs producers of which 54(68.35%) were found as confirmed ESBL producers. The prevalence of ESBLs producing organisms in the present study were found to be 64.29% and Klebsiella spp as most prevalent ESBLs producers. Conclusion: It is essential to report ESBL production along with routine sensitivity reporting, which will help the clinician in prescribing the proper antibiotics.

Neonatal Septicemia is a serious clinical syndrome and the definitive diagnosis is based on positive blood cultures which are obtained either by conventional or automated method. Early availability of proper isolation and identification of causative bacteria facilitates the timely initiation of appropriate antibiotic therapy. Thereby the present study was conducted to identify the bacterial causes of neonatal septicemia in the fastest possible time by comparing conventional and automated blood culture methods.This cross sectional study was done during the period from January 2018 to December 2018 and included clinically suspected cases of neonatal septicemia admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Units of Chattogram Medical College Hospital (CMCH) and Chattogram Maa-Shishu O General Hospital (CMSOGH). Out of 178 samples, automated method detected 29 (16.3%) and conventional method detected 26 (14.6%) blood culture positive samples. The yield of bacteria by automated method was 100% and by conventional method was 89.7%. Number of bacteria isolated only by automated method were 3 (10.2%). Mean time for isolation of bacteria by automated method was 26.38 hours and by conventional method was 46.34 hours. Automated method detected 47.05% of isolated bacteria in first 24 hours but none of them were detected by conventional method within first 24 hours. Among the isolated bacteria, Klebsiella spp was most common (62.0%). Most of the isolates were resistant to Ampicillin, Cefotaxime and Ceftazidime. Analyzing the findings of the study, there was no significant difference in the rate of isolation in each time interval (p=0.157) of two methods but there was significant difference in the mean time of isolation of bacteria between two methods (p=0.000004). Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2021; 15 (2): 12-18

Background: Acinetobacter species are typical nosocomial pathogens causinginfections and high mortality, almost exclusively in compromised hospitalizedpatients. Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter spp. blood infection in the neonatalintensive care unit patients create a great problem in hospital settings. The studywas done to detect prevalence of acinetobacter spp. as the causative agent ofneonatal sepsis with its antibiogram Materials and methods: A total of 100 clinically suspected neonatal sepsis caseswas enrolled in the study. Bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity pattern ofacinetobacter spp. were done accordingly. Results: Among the 100 suspected neonatal sepsis cases, 28% were culture positiveand 72% were culture negative. Klebsiella species was the predominant isolatedbacteria which was 53.58% followed by Acinetobacter spp. (14.28%) E. coli(10.72%)Pseudomonas spp. (7.14%) S. aureus (7.14%) & Candida (7.14%). Acinetobacter spp.showed 100% resistant to ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, amikacin,ceftazidime, cefotaxime & cefepime, 75% resistant to meropenem & 50% sensitiveto levofloxacin. Conclusion: It is essential to conduct periodic bacteriological profile along withroutine antimicrobial sensitivity testing time to time for effective management ofneonatal sepsis. Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.19 (1); January 2020; Page 20-23

Background: Extended-Spectrum b-lactamases (ESBLs) producing bacteria are increasing in number and causing more severe infections because of their continuous mutation and multidrug resistance property which make its treatment difficult. The emergence of carbapenem (Imipenem) resistantant ESBLs will worsen the management of infections and increases the mortality rates. The present study was undertaken to detect the imipenem resistantant ESBLs producing bacteria in patients attending Chittagong Medical College Hospital. Materials and methods: All the isolates from different clinical samples were identified by standard procedure of identification & antibiotic sensitivity pattern were done accordingly. Isolated gramnegative bacteria were initially screened by Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) ESBLs breakpoints & then confirmed by Phenotypic Confirmatory Test (PCT). Results: In the present study, 94.67% were found as suspected ESBLs producers, of which 62.68% confirmed as ESBL producers. The prevalence of ESBLs producers was found to be 59.33%, where Klebsiella species (67.50%) was the leading ESBLs producers. Among them 6.74% were imipenem resistant ESBLs producers. Conclusion: It is essential to report ESBL production along with routine antimicrobial sensitivity testing time to time for the selection of antibiotics for empirical treatment. JCMCTA 2017 ; 28 (2) : 69-74