Up to now, the control of malaria remains a challenge. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the use of artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) for uncomplicated malaria treatment. Despite this guideline, many people in Burkina Faso use herbal medicine as primary treatment against malaria. The aim of this study was to assess the in vivo activity of Guiera senegalensis J. F. Gmel and Bauhinia rufescens Lam. leaves extracts against Plasmodium berghei ANKA. A four-day treatment of leaves decoction of each plant was administrated orally to 7 groups of six NMRI (Naval Medical Research Institute) mice infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA strain. The control group received distilled water as treatment while the treated groups each received daily 100, 250, and 500 mg extract/kg body weight. Thin blood smears were performed on day five and the percentage of reduction of parasitaemia was determined compared to the control. The percentages of reduction of the parasitaemia at the doses of 100, 250, and 500 mg extract/kg body weight were, respectively, 57.5%, 35.9%, and 44.9% for Guiera senegalensis and 50.6%, 22.2%, and 25.7% for Bauhinia rufescens. Our findings on antiplasmodial activity of these two plants justify the traditional use by local populations against malaria. Thus, the isolation of the active compounds from these two plants is suggested for possible antimalarial candidate drugs.

Research and development of new antiplasmodial molecules in plant is a very important way for the development of new anti-malarial drugs. In this study, Vernonia cinerea Less (Asteraceae) was selected for its promising antiplasmodial activity because it is traditionally used in Burkina Faso to treat malaria. The aim of this study was to investigate the antiplasmodial activity of this whole plant. Five crude extracts of V. cinerea Less were prepared from the solvents of increasing polarity (CH 2 Cl 2 , CH 3 OH, CH 3 OH/H 2 O (1/1), H 2 O and alkaloids extracts). The method of Ciulei (1982) and thin layer chromatography were used for chemical characterization. The p-LDH technique was used in vitro. Extracts were evaluated in vitro for efficacy against the Plasmodium falciparum strain K1, which is resistant to chloroquine, and 3D7, which is sensitive to chloroquine. The crude extracts of alkaloids showed the IC 50 =4.25 μg/ml with the strains 3D7 and IC 50 =2.56 µg/ml with the K1 strains. The CH 2 Cl 2 extracts showed the IC 50 = 8.42 µg/ml and IC 50 =5.85 µg/ml on strains 3D7 and K1, respectively. The CH 3 OH extracts showed the IC 50 =21.08 µg/ml, CH 3 OH/H 2 O extracts gave 41.56 µg/ml and H 2 O extracts gave 37.17 µg/ml on strains of P. falciparum K1. The present study highlighted the very promising antiplasmodial activity of V. cinerea Less. The most antiplasmodial activity of this plant extracts merit further study about its in vivo antiplasmodial activity in Plasmodium berghei infected mice.

Aims: This study aims to evaluate the larvicidal activity of lyophilized methanolic extracts, hydromethanolic extracts and aqueous extracts of Vernonia cinerea Less against the 3 rd and 4 th instars larvae of Anopheles gambiae.

In the crude extracts of the bark and leaves of Sclerocarya birrea, have been characterized sterols, triterpenes, saponosides, tannins, anthocyanosides, coumarins, reducing compounds, alkaloids and carotenoids. Tests were carried out in vitro with extracts from each part of the plant to assess their efficacy against strains of Plasmodium falciparum sensitive to chloroquine K1 and that resistant to chloroquine 3D7. The crude alkaloidal extracts of the bark gave IC50 = 2.54 μg / ml with the strain 3D7 and an IC50 = 4.09 μg / ml with the strain K1. On the other hand, the extracts with CH 2 Cl 2 showed an IC50 = 36.59 and 37.78 μg / ml respectively with the 3D7 and K1 strains. Those with CH 3 OH gave IC50 all greater than 50 μg/ml with both strains. The CH 3 OH / H 2 O extracts gave IC50 = 21.48 μg / ml with the K1 strain and greater than 50 μg / ml with 3D7. As for the H 2 O extracts, the IC50 were = 11.43 μg / ml with the K1 strain and also greater than 50 μg / ml with the 3D7. The alkaloid extracts of leaf gave an IC50 = 9.68 µg / ml with 3D7 and = 3.56 µg / ml with strain K1. With CH 2 Cl 2 , and IC50 = 6.62 μg / ml was obtained with 3D7 and 4.05 μg / ml with strain K1. The CH 3 OH extracts gave an IC50 = 21.12 μg / ml with the 3D7 strain and 21.06 μg / ml with the KI strain. The CH 3 OH / H 2 O extracts gave with strain 3D7 and IC50 of more than 50 and 32.73 μg / ml with K1. The aqueous extracts gave IC50 greater than 50 μg / ml for 3D7 and 25.17 μg / ml with the K1 strain.