An outbreak of atypical pneumonia by the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has been reported in Wuhan, China since December, 2019. It is a severe respiratory illness with many other symptoms such as gastroenteritis. Clinical trials has proved that Zn is a promising supplement that can ease of cough, fever and vomiting, dysentery, respiratory illness, diarrhea duration and recovery, duration of hospitalization and morbidity. This article suggests a potential role, which should be considered in the clinical management, and safeness for Zn supplementation for respiratory illness and acute gastroenteritis as compliment treatment for covid-19.
Dysmenorrhea is one of the leading causes of pelvic pain and menstrual disorder among women during childbearing age. The burden of dysmenorrhea is greater than any other gynaecological complaint. Some women have severe dysmenorrhea which renders them incapacitated for days each menstrual cycle requiring absence from study or duty, frequently requiring pain killer, restriction of daily performance, poor sleep, negative moods such as anxiety and depression. A 31-year-old female presented with severe dysmenorrhea and heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) as a cause of multiple uterine fibroids, underwent surgeries to remove 100 fibroids from her uterus which has improved her quality of life, eliminating her dysmenorrhea and menstrual abnormalities.
Objective: To define the advantages and disadvantages of CO2 laser tonsillectomy compared with conventional method. Study design: Retrospective review. Setting: Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Apollo Hospitals Dhaka. Materials and Methods: This study included fifty two patients with tonsillectomies from October 2007 to May 2008. The patients were diagnosed with history and clinical examination. Preoperative investigations have been done for general anaesthesia. Patients were intubated with laser reinforced endotracheal tube and fire precautions were taken. Laser tonsillectomy has been avoided below 10 years in our centre. 52 patients aged 10-35 years underwent tonsillectomy in a period of 10 months. Out of them 12 patients underwent laser tonsillectomies. The data of each patient included intra-operative blood loss, operation time, postoperative pain and postoperative healing. Results: All Patients were admitted for 24 hours. Intra operative blood loss was dramatically less with the use of CO2 laser than that of conventional method (5ml vs. 18ml). Profuse bleeding did not prolong this time especially in laser technique. The incidence of postoperative reactionary hemorrhage were not significantly different between two techniques. 2 patients suffered with secondary haemorrhage in conventional technique and in laser technique one patient had secondary haemorrhage. There was statistically significant difference in duration of operating time (15 vs. 40 min). Both methods of surgery had non-identical effect on post operative pain. Postoperative pain was less in laser technique than that of conventional technique in 7 days postoperative follow up. Leukocytic membrane formation and separation and final healing were earlier in laser technique than in conventional technique. Conclusion: CO2 laser is a safe and acceptable method for tonsillectomy. CO2 laser tonsillectomy reduces operation time and intraoperative blood loss. Postoperative pain is less than conventional technique and healing is also earlier in laser technique. Key Words: CO2 laser, tonsillectomy, ventilation.DOI: 10.3329/bjo.v15i1.4304 Bangladesh J of Otorhinolaryngology 2009; 15(1): 6-9
Anthropometry, the quantitative interface between anatomy and physiology, is a scientific specialization concerned with applying measurement to appraise human size, shape, proportion, composition, development, and gross function. Anthropometric measurement is essential in many areas, including archaeology, anthropology, ergonomics, forensic sciences, anatomy, and nutrition. Although different researchers have studied the anthropometry of hand extensively in Malaysia, there is still a paucity of data among the major ethnicities (Kadazandusun, Bajau, Malay and Chinese) that exist in Sabah. The study was designed to create baseline data for normative values of hand length, handbreadth, middle finger length, second inter-crease length of the middle finger, and the hand span of major ethnic groups in Sabah. This cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2021 to January 2022 by applying a stratified random sampling method. At first, the students were stratified into ethnicities and were further stratified as males and females. The hand dimensions were measured using a digital calliper. The baseline data for Sabah’s four major ethnic groups were compared for symmetry, gender, and ethnic differences. The right handbreadth was broader than the left hand (p<0.01). The result also demonstrated a statistically significant (0.001) difference between gender; however, there was no significant difference among the four ethnicities. Further study at the community level is recommended for different age groups and ethnicities by addressing hand activity, hormones, and brain asymmetry tocomplement the findings of this study.
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