Purpose Cancer of the cervix is the second most common cancer among women worldwide. Despite it is a serious public health problem in Sub-Saharan African countries including Ethiopia, formation on predictor of the precancerous cervical lesion is not well documented, particularly in the study area. This study aimed to identify the predictors of precancerous cervical lesions among women screened for cervical cancer in Bahir Dar town, North West Ethiopia, 2018/19. Patient and Methods Institution-based unmatched case–control study was conducted in selected health facilities in Bahir Dar town from November 15, 2018, to January 16, 2019. Data were collected from 102 cases and 305 controls using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire and entered into Epi Data version 3.1, then export to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Variables with P-value ≤0.2 in the bivariate analysis were included in the multivariate logistic regression model. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to identify the predictors of precancerous cervical lesions. Results Women who initiated sexual intercourse before the age of 18 years (AOR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.015–2.804), history of sexually transmitted infection (AOR =1.74, 95% CI: 1.087–2.790) and two or more lifetime sexual partners (AOR=1.733, 95% CI: 1.069–2.810) were predictors for a precancerous cervical lesions. Conclusion This study confirms that the initiation of sexual intercourse before the age of 18 years, having history of sexually transmitted infection, and two or more lifetime sexual partners were determinants for precancerous cervical lesions. So that it should be focused on prevention through early detection and treatment of sexually transmitted infection with condom promotion. Women with a higher risk of precancerous lesions should also be encouraged to be screened more frequently for cervical cancer.
Background: Youth friendly reproductive health services are designed to entertain the unique needs of youth. Nevertheless, in developing countries like Ethiopia, knowledge, attitude and utilization of these services is very limited. This study was designed to assess the knowledge, attitude and the extent of utilization of youth friendly reproductive health services (YFRHS) and associated factors among students of Mizan-Tepi University, Southwestern, Ethiopia. Method: A public University-based cross-sectional study was conducted between October and January 2019. Simple random sampling technique was used to select participants from target population. Descriptive analysis, Chi-square test and logistic regression model were employed to identify the factors associated with YFRHS. Result: The results of descriptive analysis showed that about 55.4% of participants had no knowledge, 40.2% had negative attitudes and 61.2% had not practiced YFRHS. Majority 258(60.30%) of the respondents were females and 209(48.80%) were in the age group of 21-22 years. Most of the respondents lack basic information and knowledge, and have no any YFRHS in their surroundings 220(51.4%). Out of the 428 respondents, 57.9%, 59.3%, and 36.4% had never been practiced services related to VCT, family planning and contraception and treatment of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), respectively. The multivariable binary logistic regression result revealed that sex, age, religion, mother’s and father’s educational background, availability of YFRHS in the area and source of information had statistical significant effect on the knowledge, attitude and practices of students toward YFRHS. Male students were more likely to have knowledge and practicing experiences (OR = 1.847, p-value =0.015) and (OR=1.821, p-value = 0.017) respectively, however they had less likely positive attitudes (OR=0.519, p-value = 0.010) compared to their counterpart females. Students from primary and above educated mothers and fathers were more likely to have knowledge, attitude and practicing experience compared to students from uneducated mothers and fathers. Conclusion: The overall utilization, attitude and knowledge of YFRHS among study respondents’ are lower and therefore, further efforts like availability of YFRHS providers and improvement of facility, and education related to the service to all young groups and allocation of appropriate time of services is essential.
Various problems were faced by patients in any hospital outpatient department. But, Patients seek quick and convenient services. Patient satisfaction improves clinical outcomes and patient retention and reduces medical malpractices. Efficient and patient-centered health care delivery is of utmost importance. Thus, patient satisfaction is a very effective indicator to measure the success of health outcomes and plays a key role in improving health service quality and early report of new outbreaks (e.g., or other outbreaks (e,g measles, polio). Objective of this study was to assess patient satisfaction and associated factors on outpatient department, Dangila Primary Hospital, Awi zone, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018.Cross sectional study design was conducted from April 1 st to August 31 st , 2018. A total of 304 respondents were selected using systematic random sampling. Structured questionnaire was used for data collection. EPI Data version 3.1 and SPSS version 20 were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. Multiple logistic regression was employed to describe associated factors and control potential confounders.Of all 304 participants, 175 (57.6%) were males and 129 (42.4%) were females. About 100 (32.9%) were with age range of 30-39 years. Nearly three-fourth of respondents, 233 (76.6%) were dissatisfied with the queue system to see a doctor. Level of patient satisfaction and waiting time in outpatient department was 48.2% and 48 minutes, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that satisfaction with courtesy and respect (p=0.013) and satisfaction with confidentiality taken by the examiner during physical examination (p=0.012) were associated factors for patient satisfaction.Patient satisfaction in outpatient department in Dangila primary hospital was lower than regional target. Courtesy and respect and satisfaction with confidentiality taken by the examiner during physical examination were associated factors for patient satisfaction. Outpatient waiting time was less than one hour.
Background Hypertension is a major public health problem, resulting in 10 million deaths annually. Undiagnosed hypertension affects more people than ever before. It is more likely to be linked to severe hypertension, which can lead to stroke, cardiovascular disease, and ischemic heart disease. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension and its associated factors in Ethiopia. Methods Databases, such as Medline/PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, AJOL, and the Cochrane Library, were systematically searched to find potential studies published until December 2022. A Microsoft Excel spreadsheet was used to enter the extracted data. The pooled prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension and its associated factors was estimated using a random effect model. I2 statistics and the Cochrane Q-test were used to assess statistical heterogeneity across the studies. Begg’s and Egger’s tests were performed to identify possible publication bias. Results A total of ten articles with 5,782 study participants were included in this meta-analysis. In the random effects model, the pooled prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension was 18.26% (95% CI = 14.94–21.58). Being older (OR = 3.8, 95% CI = 2.56, 5.66), having a body mass index > 25 kg/m2 (OR = 2.71, 95% CI = 2.1, 3.53), having a family history of hypertension (OR = 2.22, 95% CI = 1.47, 3.36), and having DM comorbidity (OR = 2.44, 95% CI = 1.38, 4.32) were significantly associated with undiagnosed hypertension. Conclusion In this meta-analysis, the pooled prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension was found to be high in Ethiopia. Being older, having a BMI > 25 kg/m2, having a family history of hypertension, and having DM comorbidity were found to be risk factors for undiagnosed hypertension.
Objectives: Iron–folic acid non-compliance is a major problem in the study area. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the level of iron–folic acid supplementation compliance and associated factors among pregnant women. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among pregnant women from 1 to 30 November 2018 in Dangila, Northern Ethiopia. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select the participants. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire. For data entry and analysis, Epi Info 7 and Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) 23.0 were used, respectively. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were done. Descriptive statistics like mean and standard deviation, and odds ratios with their respective confidence intervals were calculated. Statistically significant was declared at a p value of less than 0.05. The results were presented using text, tables, and figures. Results: A total of 589 pregnant women were involved, yielding a response rate of 91.2%. The average age of the participants in the study was 30.90 ± 5.93 years. The average weekly iron–folic acid pill intake was 5.3. The iron-folic acid compliance rate was 76.9% (95% confidence interval: 73.5–80.6). Women who had four or fewer alive children (adjusted odds ratio = 2.68, 95% confidence interval: 1.37–5.23), took less than 30 min to get to the health facility (adjusted odds ratio = 1.90, 95% confidence interval: 1.16–3.10), being a government employee (adjusted odds ratio = 0.16, 95% confidence interval: 0.03–0.81), attended antenatal care conferences (odds ratio = 2,95% confidence interval: 1.16–3.42), and started iron–folic acid tablets in the first trimester (odds ratio = 2.3, 95% confidence interval: 1.39–3.87) were associated with iron–folic acid compliance. Conclusion: The level of iron–folic acid supplementation compliance was low. Attending antenatal care training and starting to take iron-folic acid pills early in the first trimester were both factors associated with iron–folic acid supplementation compliance. Health care and health extension workers should emphasize and monitor the iron pill–taking habits of pregnant women in home-to-home visits.
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