Frequency stability of power systems becomes more vulnerable with the increase of solar photovoltaic (PV). Energy storage provides an option to mitigate the impact of high PV penetration. Using the U.S. Eastern Interconnection (EI) and Texas Interconnection (ERCOT) power grid models, this paper investigates the capabilities of using energy storage to improve frequency response under high PV penetration. The study result helps to identify the potential and impact factors in utilizing energy storage to improve frequency response in high renewable penetration power grids.
This study was performed to assess the impact of high photovoltaic (PV) penetration on transient stability using a series of hypothetical models of the ERCOT system. This was done by calculating the critical clearing time (CCT) when faulting various busses. Varying levels of PV penetration were used to study the system transient stability. For each case 15% wind penetration was also included. It was found that under the PV volt/Var control with plant-level GE SolarControl settings, PV penetration at lower level can slightly improve the transient stability in the ERCOT system model. However, at approximately 54% penetration of renewables (39% PV and 15% wind), transient stability starts to show declining trend. This value has slight variance depending on PV distribution.
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