Technological advances are motivated, in most cases, for the search for fulfilling a necessity. However, behind of all technological advances, there is at least one person that is developing an adequate technological solution. In this regard, education is a pillar for technological advancements, but also, inspiration, aesthetical appreciation, curiosity, or even the desire to reach a goal. These are reasons why an education that focus on both human and technological aspects is required. With the aim to provide such an education, the STEAM (science, technology, engineering, arts, and math) approach was born. Among the tools used in STEAM-teaching, microcontrollers are basic elements that are affordable for most students. In this chapter, an overview of STEAM education in Mexico and the use of microcontrollers for experimentation under the STEAM philosophy is offered.
During the monitoring of a process, there are multiple information sources that can generate large amounts of data in a continuous fashion. Accordingly, the appropriate use of data science tools is required. In this work, data was generated from the measurement of the frequency in a signal, whose frequency was defined by a quartz crystal. In order to generate a stable frequency, the quartz crystal was connected to a gate-oscillator. Then the frequency was measured using a frequency counter that implements the principle of rational approximations. In this method, the desired signal is compared with other signals whose frequency is known. After some conditions are fulfilled, the desired frequency is approximated. In this experimental set-up, besides of the desired frequency, other parameters were measured, such as temperature and relative humidity. As a result, a large amount of data was generated and analyzed using the principal components analysis.
This study shows the results of a simulation tool using the TRNSyS 2017 simulator, validated with experimental data from a greenhouse in an arid zone in northwestern Mexico. Additionally, experimental data on the performance of geothermal heat pumps are shown during the year 2020 in heating and cooling mode. With this information, an average deviation of the simulator for the outlet fluid temperature of the geothermal heat exchanger (GHE) of 2.77% and an average deviation of the coefficient of performance in cooling mode (EER) of the geothermal heat pump (GHP) of 3.7% was obtained. In the experimental study, it was observed that in the last 2 weeks of July and the first 2 weeks of August, the subsoil is saturated, which causes a decrease in the thermal inertia of the GHE. During the experimental study, it was possible to determine that the flow indicated in the GHE to obtain the highest performance of the GHP system in greenhouses in arid zones corresponds to 1 GPM, obtaining an EER of 3.24.
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