Aim This study was designed to determine the effect of humble leadership on nurses' proactive behaviours at work through psychological empowerment. Background Nurse leaders' humility has a profound effect on enhancing nurses' proactive work behaviour; yet, the mechanism underlying this pattern of effect remains unknown. Methods A descriptive cross‐sectional study was conducted in all nine Universal Health Insurance hospitals in Port Said, Egypt. Using scales for assessing leader humility, psychological empowerment and proactive behaviour at work, 316 nurses were surveyed. Regression analyses and structural equation models were used to examine the study hypothetical model. Results The results revealed that humble leadership, psychological empowerment and proactive work behaviour were significantly positively correlated. Psychological empowerment fully mediated the relationship between humble leadership and proactive work behaviour. Conclusion This study emphasized the value of humble leadership in psychologically empowering nurses, which results in greater proactive work behaviour. Implication for Nursing Management Nurse managers should lead their nursing staff with humility, which could increase the level of nurses' psychological empowerment and proactive behaviours at work, which will be reflected positively on the staffs and the organization.

Background: Innovations and technology, scarce resources and conflicting values have set expectations for nurses' ethical competence. Daily ethical issues in nursing practice attract little attention but can create stress for nurses. The aim of the study is to examine the effect of teaching program regarding ethical issues on nurses' knowledge, ethical behavior, frequency and degree of ethical stress. Subjects and methods: The study was conducted among staff nurses working at Mansoura Emergency Hospital which provides a wide spectrum of health services at Delta Region by using A Quasi-experimental design. Three tools were used for data collection namely: Ethical Issues Knowledge Questionnaire, Observational checklist for Ethical Behavior and Ethical Issues Stress scale. Results: The study findings conclude that there was a strong correlation between Knowledge of Nursing ethics and Ethical behavior after the teaching program. In addition strong correlation found between the Knowledge and frequency of ethical stress in post test. Conclusion & recommendations: Ethical issues teaching program has positive influence in improving their knowledge, reduction in the frequency and degree of stress. It is recommended that ethics training cannot take place just once in a training room, but needs on-going support at all levels of the organization. The training should include what ethics is, along with actual examples of relevant situations, and how to explore an ethical dilemma through interacting with others.

Background:Conflict in the nursing profession is normal and unavoidable, and it occurs on a regular basis in healthcare settings. As a result, conflict management is critical for organizational success and efficiency, and staff nurses must be able to effectively handle conflict in order to create an environment that fosters personal growth while also ensuring high-quality patient care. Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of conflict management program on staff nurses' performance Method: Quasi experimental design was conducted on 70 nurses working at intensive care units affiliated to AL-sadder teaching hospital in Iraq-Missan. conflict management techniques assessment questionnaire and observation checklist of nurse's performance was used to collect data. Results: Most studied staff nurses had poor in conflict management pre-program and the minority had high in managing conflict post and after 3 months program implementation. Also, staff nurses' performance was improved after program implementation. Conclusion: There was a high statistically significant association pre-post and after 3 months between most subscales of staff nurses about managing conflict and most subscales of performance after program implementation. Recommendation: A regular educational program about conflict management should be consistent for staff nurse.

Back ground: In healthcare organization, nurses are considered as a backbone of its success as their performance and behaviors are key determinants for good performance. Justice and its implementation is a fundamental aspect to create citizenship behaviors among nurses and increase their loyalty and commitment to the organization. Aim: the study aimed to investigate the influence of organizational justice on organizational citizenship behavior among staff nurses at Dikirnis General Hospital. Method: a descriptive correlational design was utilized, included 252 staff nurses working at Dikirnis General Hospital. Data was collected using two tools, organizational justice questionnaire, and organizational citizenship behavior questionnaire. Results: There was a significant positive correlation between organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior; staff nurses had moderate level of perception of organizational justice. More than half of the staff nurses had high perception of organizational citizenship behavior. Conclusion: There was statically significant positive correlation between organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior. Recommendation: The hospital administrator and head nurses should be alert to the benefits behaving toward nurses in a manner perceived as fair. Organize periodically meeting with supervisors and their staff nurses to discuss their problems, needs and involve them in solving it.

Nursing, by its nature, a profession with a higher degree of stress and is widely perceived as one of the most inherently stressful occupations, often characterized by high rates of staff turnover, absenteeism and burnout. Justifying stress has become the main concern in many fields, especially in nursing management, due to low output and poor staff morale as problems related to stress. Stress management aims to maintain stress level to the point that causes a dynamic, live, and creative organization that encourage head nurses to be innovative, creative and productive with good job performance. This literature aimed to present an overview summary of some stress management techniques as a tool for improving head nurses job performance through study the impact of using various techniques such as problem solving, time management, and relaxation techniques like progressive muscles, deep breathing exercise and guided imagery exercise on head nurses job performance.