Objective: To support employees maintain a healthy lifestyle. Design: A Prospective Cohort Study.Setting: A'ali Health Center, Bahrain.Method: Ninety-seven medical staff were encouraged to participate in different health work initiatives aimed to improve physical activity; this included the recommended 150 minutes of moderate activity per week, improvement of nutritional status, increasing awareness of age and gender-appropriate preventive measures, smoking hazards and absences from work.Result: Ninety-seven employees were included in the study. Vaccination increased to 80 (83%). Periodic women examination increased to 52 (54%). Obesity was reduced to 58 (60%). The average BMI reduced from 28.57 to 26.72. Fruits and vegetables consumption increased to 59 (60.8%). Fast food consumption reduced to 29 (29.8%). Regular exercise was increased to 46 patients. None of the smokers quit smoking. Eighty-seven (89.7%) employees had dental screening and scaling.Conclusion: Work health initiatives (WHI) were effective tools in reducing multiple risk factors and disease burdens. The most effective WHI are those that combine health education and physical activities directed towards multiple risk factors.
Objective: To evaluate vitamin D deficiency in type 2 diabetic patients and its association with poor control of diabetes. Design: A Cross-Sectional Study. Setting: Diabetes Outpatient Clinic, A'Ali Health Center, Bahrain. Method: Two hundred sixty-eight patients were included in this study. Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D concentrations were measured from May 2012 to September 2012. Other parameters of diabetes control were measured. Result: One hundred seventy-six (65%) patients had vitamin D deficiency (<50 ng/mL).Vitamin D deficiency appears to be prevalent among the diabetic Bahraini population. Association of vitamin D status and glycemic control could not be confirmed in this study. Conclusion: Due to the high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in diabetics, vitamin D statusshould be routinely evaluated for diabetics as part of regular preventive care.
Background and Aim: Hyperkalemia is a common risk among patients treated with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors, especially diabetics. The aim of this study was to measure the prevalence of hyperkalemia among patients with type-2 diabetics treated with ARBs and/or ACEIs, and compare them with controls. Subjects and methods: This study was carried out in four primary health care centers in Bahrain using a comparative ex-post-facto cross-sectional design with a control group. It included 305 type-2 diabetes patients in these settings. They were categorized into four groups: A) controls not on RAAS medications; B) ARB alone; C) ACE Inhibitors alone; D) combination of both. Data were collected from medical records. The study protocol was approved by the research committee in the Ministry of Health in the Kingdom of Bahrain. Results: The prevalence of hyperkalemia among those on ACE inhibitor and/or ARB medications was 16.51% (95% CI: 11.84-22.12%), while severe hyperkalemia was 1.38% (95% CI: 0.28-3.97%). The patients in the group taking both ARB and ACE inhibitor medications had significantly higher level of serum potassium but better control of their Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) compared to the other 3 groups. In multivariate analysis, the medication group was not a statistically significant predictor of hyperkalemia. Conclusion: A combined ACEi/ARB therapy may pose a higher risk of increased serum potassium compared with mono-treatment or control. Hence, caution should be exercised especially in those with advanced kidney disease, heart failure, on renal replacement therapy, on potassium sparing diuretics.
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