Vitex doniana Sweet, a plant commonly known black plum, in English, Prunier noir in French, dinya in Hausa, ucha koro in Igbo, oori-nla in yoruba and ngarmi in Kanuri is a medium-sized deciduous tree, 8-18 m high, with a heavy rounded crown and a clear bole up to 5 m. V. doniana is from Verbenaceae family and abundantly occurring in savannah regions. It can be found throughout tropical Africa. The ethanolic extract of Vitex doniana stem bark (11.9 g) was subjected to a silica gel accelerated column chromatography and eluents fractions (150 ml aliquots) obtained were collected and monitored with thin layer chromatography (TLC). Fractions with similar R f values from same solvents system were poled together. Phytochemical test of all the fractions were perform. Complete elution yielded 48 fractions (150 ml/fraction) which were pooled to 24 fractions and finally to eight (8) eight fractions and coded. Fraction Vd 8-a (56 mg) has gave a single spot a white crystal compound coded V 1 on checking with TLC and observed under Ultraviolet lamp. The R f values was calculated to be 0.433 and melting point was found to be 241-243°C uncorrected. The infrared spectrum of compound V 1 shows prominent peaks that corresponds to OHstr (3365 cm -1 ) and C=0 (1652 cm -1 ). The 1 H NMR (400 MHZ) spectrum of compound V 1 in DMSO-d6 displayed five singlet signals. It further showed a broad singlet at δ 5.58 integrated for 1 H is due to an olefinic H-atom adjacent to the carbonyl carbon atom. Three signals at δ 3.10` (d, J = 9.0 Hz, H-22), 3.59 (m, 1H, 2H-a) and 3.72 (m, 1H, 3H-e) each integrating for one proton is due to an oxymethine protons indicating that three oxymethine H-atoms were present in the compound. The 13 C-NMR spectrum showed the presence of 27 Carbon atoms, suggesting that may be steroid skeleton and the DEPT-135 spectra showed the presence of five CH 3 , eight CH 2 , and seven CH groups, and seven quaternary C-atoms. The Molecular formula was established as C 27 H 44 O 7 by HRES-MS positive ion mode m/z 481.3179. Based on the spectral analysis, the compound V 1 is thus concluded to have ecdysteriod skeleton and conclusively conforms with 2β, 3β 14α, 20R, 22R, 25-hexahydroxy-5 β cholest-7-ene-6-one, commonly known as 20-hydroxyecdysone. This is the first time this compound was isolated from Vitex doniana sweet.
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