Enviroxime is an antiviral compound that inhibits the replication of polio and rubella virus. The antiviral activity of this compound was tested in two cell lines (L2OB and RD for poliovirus and HeLa and WISH for Rubellavirus). At a concentration of 32µg/ml or less, the compound is relatively non-toxic to cell lines but has significant antiviral effect. We found the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.06 µg/ml for polio, and 0.125 µg/ml for rubella virus. The therapeutic index (TI) defined as the ratio of the minimal dose of the drug that is toxic to the cells to the dose which inhibit the viral multiplication, is used to evaluate the drug activity. If this index is more than one, the margin of safety for the drug is large. In this study the TI of enviroxime against poliovirus was 54 while it was 14 against Rubella virus. Hence we speculate that this compound if used as an antiviral agent in humans, would have minimal or no side effect.
Flavone originally founded in some herbs and plants such as beans, tomato and grapefruit. Dichloraflavan (DCF) and the compound chalcone relatively non-toxic, we find in this study that the toxicity of the two compounds to RD and L20B cells ranging between (16-32)µg/ml when they used alone. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of chalcone was 0.06 µg/ml while the MIC of DCF was 0.03 µg/ml to inhibit (100TCID50) of poliovirus in RD cells and L20B cells. Binary combination of these two compounds showed synergistic activity. We used the Therapeutic Index (TI) to determine the safety of the compound the TI which is the ratio between the toxic concentrations of the drug over the MIC. If the TI one or less means that the compound not advise to use due to the side effect while if the TI more than one compound may be used for treatment, And the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index to determined the synergy between the two compounds MIC of drug A in combination MIC of drug B in combination FIC index = + MIC of drug A alone MIC of drug B alone The interpretation of the index is as follows: <0.5; significant synergism; 0.5-0.9; suggestive of synergism; =1; effects are additive; 1.1-1.9 partial antagonism; .2 antagonisms.
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