This is a cross sectional-descriptive study which was conducted in one urban mahalla and two rural mauza of Dhaka district. Self reporting questionnaire (SRQ) was applied on 327 adult respondents and structured clinical interview for diagnosis (SCID-NP) was applied on every second SRQ positive and every fourth SRQ negative respondent. The prevalence of neurotic disorders, major depressive disorder and psychotic disorders was 7.0% (7/1000 population), 4.0% (40/1000 population) and 1.2% (12/1000 population) respectively. The prevalence of psychiatric disorder was found higher in female 13.9% than male 10.2% and in middle and lower socio-economic class. The study would be helpful in future community survey on mental health and in formulating national mental health program and facilitating their effective implementation.

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to the plug formation. This inflammation then leads to fibrosis and atrophy. 4 It may be that TGF-β signaling may also be involved because it is known that TGF-β signaling plays an important role in wound healing and scar formation. In LDS, atrophic scars and delayed wound healing have been reported. 5 Interestingly, TGFBR1 null mutations cause multiple self-healing squamous epithelioma (MSSE) 6 with subsequent atrophic scarring, which is also typical for AV. However, patients with MSSE do not have features of LDS, which is usually caused by missense mutations in the TGFBR1-or TGFBR2-kinase domain. 5 Further investigations are needed to clarify the relationship between AV and LDS. In conclusion, it appears that AV should be added as a cutaneous feature of LDS, possibly more specifically TGFBR2related LDS. In view of the crucial importance of early detection and management of aortopathy in LDS, we suggest a careful evaluation for clinical features of LDS, including cardiac ultrasonography and possibly TGFBR1/2 DNA analysis in every patient presenting with AV.

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Objective: To analyze the most used applications on smartphone among school going children (5-16 years). Study Design and Setting: Descriptive cross sectional study comprised of five months (April 2017 to July 2017); concerned community survey i.e. door to door data collection method was carried out in Lahore, Pakistan. Material and Methods: Multistage cluster sampling technique was used. 6200 school going children were selected, 4030 (65%) respond to the study and remaining 2170 (35%) do not respond to the study (excluded from the research). Among 4030 school going children, 2889 (71.7%) were smartphone users (included in the analysis) and 1141 (28.3%) do not use smartphone (excluded in the analysis). Among 2889 school going smartphone users, 1993 (69%) were short term smartphone users and 896 (31%) were long term smartphone users. Descriptive statistics and Bivariate logistic regression was applied on the gathered data. Results: Significant associations were found. The use of smartphone for messaging have p-value = 0.19, for Facebook p-value = 0.11, for WhatsApp p-value = 0.043, for playing games p-value < 0.001, for listening music p-value = 0.049, for watching videos and movies p-value = 0.030, for alarm purpose p-value = 0.001 and for camera purpose p-value = 0.015. Conclusion: The research findings showed that most used applications on smartphone among school going children (5-16 years) were WhatsApp and used smartphone for playing games, listening music, watching videos and movies, alarm and camera purpose with respect to which the study was concise.

Background Suicide is a serious public health concern all over the world including Bangladesh. About 9% of the patients admitted with suicidal ideation (SI) or suicide attempt (SA) later complete suicide. To understand and prevent suicide, the study of SI and SA is necessary but research in this area is scanty in Bangladesh. Therefore, we studied suicidality (SI and SA) among married adults in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh. Methods This was a household cross-sectional study. A total of 708 married adults were selected for this study using a multi-stage random sampling. Suicidality was measured based on two factors: (i) suicidal ideation, and (ii) suicide attempt. Frequency distribution, Chi-square test and multiple binary logistic regression model were used in this study according to our objectives. Results The prevalence of suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and suicidality was 5.8%, 3.4%, and 8.3% respectively among married adults. A multiple binary logistic regression model provided the following risk factors of suicidality: (i) joint family (AOR = 0.310, p<0.01), (ii) ≥26 years of age at the first marriage (AOR = 0.379, p<0.05), (iii) twice or more marriage (AOR = 0.214, p<0.01), (iv) conjugal life of ≥16 years (AOR = 0.410, p<0.05), (v) having no child (AOR = 6.343, p<0.01) and (vi) having 1–2 children (AOR = 6.190, p<0.01), (vii) medical comorbidity (AOR = 0.421, p<0.01), (viii) mental comorbidity (AOR = 0.253, p<0.01), (ix) stress-anxiety (AOR = 0.311, p<0.01), (x) family history of mental disorders (AOR = 0.059, p<0.01), (xi) family history of suicide/suicide attempt (AOR = 0.009, p<0.01), (xii) substance abuse (AOR = 0.065, p<0.01), (xiii) poor relationship with spouse (AOR = 0.209, p<0.01), and (xiv) poor relationship with other family members (AOR = 0.347, p<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of suicidality is remarkable in Rajshahi city, Bangladesh. The government and non-government agencies can use the findings of this study to identify the vulnerable groups and undertake measures for preventing and reducing suicidality.

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