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Abstract:A water-based solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) at various concentrations and zinc nitrates were used in conjunction with calcination to produce zinc oxide semiconductor nanoparticles. The extent to which the zinc oxide semiconductor nanoparticles had become crystallized was measured using X-ray diffraction (XRD), whilst morphological characteristics were determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) supported by XRD results were used to evaluate the average particle size. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was then carried out in order to identify the composition phase, since this suggested that the samples contained metal oxide bands and that all organic compounds had been effectively removed after calcination. A UV-VIS spectrophotometer was used to determine the energy band gap and illustrate optical features. Additionally, photoluminescence (PL) spectra revealed that the intensity of photoluminescence decreased with a decrease in particle size. The obtained results have mainly been inclusive for uses by several semiconductor applications in different fields, such as environmental applications and studies, since an absorption process for energy wavelengths could efficiently occur.

The zinc oxide nanorods (ZnONRs) have been successfully prepared via sol-gel way. A series of Poly(ethylene oxide) and Carboxymethyl cellulose (PEO/CMC) blend samples lled with different concentration of ZnONRs were prepared using casting method. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) image showed that the synthesized ZnONPs had a diameter in the range of 29.29 to 59.09 nm. These samples were characterized by different analytical techniques. On the basis of results obtained from XRD and FT-IR analysis, blends are miscible. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy exhibited the complexation between PEO/CMC blend and ZnONRs. The optical energy gap was calculated using the UV/vis. data. The maximum value of AC conductivity for the pure blend was 1.98×10 − 7 S.cm − 1 , and by raising the lling of ZnONRs increased to 3.26×10 − 6 S.cm − 1 at highest concentration. After the added of ZnONRs, an improvement for the dielectric constant (ε′) and dielectric loss ( ") of PEO/CMC are detected.These samples can be employment in the semiconductor industries and portable electrochemical batteries, electric vehicles and grid energy storage, due to the noticed enhancements in optical, and AC conductivity. PEO/CMC/ZnONRs lms were screened for their in vitro antibacterial activity against S.aureus and E. coli bacteria have been tested. The excellent antimicrobial activity of these lms provides a novel and simple way for the synthesis nanocomposites as functional biomaterials and has the possibility for usage in food packaging applications.

Zn/Al-LDH-SDS nanocomposites have been prepared using a coprecipitation method in different molar ratio of Zn 2+ /Al 3+ = 2, 3, and 4 at pH = 10 and different concentrations of sodium dodecyl sulfate solution (0.2 M, 0.4 M, and 0.8 M). The XRD and FTIR data show the successful intercalation of SDS into the LDH interlayer. The XRD diffractogram showed that the basal spacing for Zn/Al-NO 3 − is 0.89 nm compared to 2.54-2.61 nm for the Zn/Al-SDS nanocomposite. Optical band gap of the samples was calculated using Kubelka-Munk model. Due to the presence of LDH phase, two band gap energies ( 1 and 2 ) were observed. The values of 1 and 2 were found around 4.8 eV and 3.75 eV for Zn/Al-LDH (r = 2, 3, and 4). The values of band gap of LDH-SDS nanocomposites were found to increase to around 4.2 eV and 5.2 eV. For Zn4Al-LDH-SDS with 0.4 M and 0.8 M of SDS, only one energy gap at around 3.23 eV was observed. The optical band gap of SO 4 2− phase increased as the amount of SDS increases. Thermal diffusivity of the resulted nanocomposite was also investigated.