The Strathprints institutional repository (https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk) is a digital archive of University of Strathclyde research outputs. It has been developed to disseminate open access research outputs, expose data about those outputs, and enable the management and persistent access to Strathclyde's intellectual output. Abstract: This paper investigates the influence of anisotropy and destructuration on the behavior of Haarajoki test embankment, which was built by the Finnish National Road Administration as a noise barrier in 1997 on a soft clay deposit. Half of the embankment is constructed on an area improved with prefabricated vertical drains, while the other half is constructed on the natural deposit without any ground improvement. The construction and consolidation of the embankment is analyzed with the finite-element method using three different constitutive models to represent the soft clay. Two recently proposed constitutive models, namely S-CLAY1 which accounts for initial and plastic strain induced anisotropy, and its extension, called S-CLAY1S which accounts, additionally, for interparticle bonding and degradation of bonds, were used in the analysis. For comparison, the problem is also analyzed with the isotropic modified cam clay model. The results of the numerical analyses are compared with the field measurements. The simulations reveal the influence that anisotropy and destructuration have on the behavior of an embankment on soft clay.
Numerical predictions of the ultimate bearing capacity of ring foundations supported by a sand bed with and without geogrid reinforcement are presented. Numerical analyses of the test models were carried out using the finite element package Plaxis. It is shown that the behaviour of ring foundations on sand beds may be reasonably well represented by the hardening soil model available in the Plaxis package. The hardening soil model parameters were derived from the results of drained triaxial tests. The parameters investigated are the effect of depth of first reinforcement layer, the number of reinforcement layers and reinforcement layer size on the ultimate bearing capacity of ring foundations. The results from the finite element analysis are in very good agreement with the experimental observations. The results of this study showed that the reinforcement had a considerable effect on the ultimate bearing capacity of the ring foundations. It was also shown that ultimate bearing capacity values can, depending on the reinforcement geogrid arrangement, be improved by up to three times that of the unreinforced case for the model arrangements investigated.
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