Global issues that are sustainable in the industrial era 4.0, which requires universities to take part in the current Process, Input, Output and Outcome, one that is suitable for sustaining this project-based continuous learning is the educational approach which focuses on creative thinking, problem solving, and interaction between students and peers to create and use knowledge in the current digital era. This study aims to determine the effect of Project Based Learning (PjBL) continuous learning innovations on English learning outcomes of students of the faculty of cultural sciences English Education study programs at Brawijaya University Malang. This research method uses experimental design with the Times-Series Design with Control Group. Data analysis of this study used the one way ANOVA test. The results showed that the treatment of the TOEFL test, namely the pre-test and post-test in the control class and the experimental class in the Project Based Learning (PjBL) learning model there were differences. The average pre-test toefl score in the experimental class was 344.71 with a range of values ranging from 300-397 and a standard deviation of 29.386. The average post-test toefl score in the experimental class, which is 360.83 with a range of values ranging from 303-400 and a standard deviation of 24.146. Project Based Learning (PjBL) based learning can improve student learning outcomes, the p-value on PjBL is 0.026.

Summary In this paper, the effect of natural organic matters (NOMs), which are typically present in river and seawater, on the power generation of reverse electrodialysis was studied. Bovine serum albumin, humic acid, and sodium alginate were used as models of NOMs. A NOM model was added to concentrated salt water, diluted salt water, and/or both of them. Power density was used to measure the resulted power generation. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope were used to characterize the presence of NOMs on the membrane surfaces. The effect of NOMs on the generated power density was clearly observed. This effect was influenced by the NOM's type, the NOMs concentration, and the compartment in which NOMs are added. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope data confirmed that NOMs are deposited on both anion and cation exchange membrane surfaces. While all NOMs added to concentrated salt water did not influence the generated power density, different power density behavior was resulted from the different NOMs added to diluted salt water, where NOMs could increase or decrease or remain the generated power density. Thus, besides NOM's type, the salt concentration is very critical to determine the effect of NOMs on the generated power density. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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