COVID-19 attacks have changed the methods and cultures of work in many organizations, the working from home (WFH) phenomenon as an effort to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in many countries in the world has impacts on employee productivity. This study aims to explore the impacts of working from home on employee productivity with a qualitative approach. The findings explain that working from home has provided advantages and disadvantages both for employee and organization as well as being responsible for the decline in employee productivity. Furthermore, we also find the fact that working from home cannot be generally accepted since many areas of work cannot be carried out from home, although for many employees, working from home has provided a work-life balance. Yet, this is sometimes interrupted by multiple jobs (multitasking) that must be done at home.
Our previous study demonstrated that curcumin, an active compound of Curcuma xanthorrhiza and C. domestica, produces a positive cholekinetic effect. A 20 mg amount of curcumin is capable of contracting the gall bladder by up to 29% within an observation time of 2 h. The aim of the current study was to define the dosage of curcumin capable of producing a 50% contraction of the gall bladder, and to determine if there is a linear relationship between doubling the curcumin dosage and the doubling of gall bladder contraction. A randomised, single-blind, three-phase, crossover-designed examination was carried out on 12 healthy volunteers. Ultrasonography was carried out serially to measure the gall bladder volume. The data obtained was analysed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The fasting volumes of gall bladders were similar (P > 0.50), with 17.28 +/- 5.47 mL for 20 mg curcumin, 18.34 +/- 3.75 mL for 40 mg and 18.24 +/- 3.72 mL for 80 mg. The percentage decrease in gall bladder volume 2 h after administration of 20, 40 and 80 mg was 34.10 +/- 10.16, 51.15 +/- 8.08 and 72.25 +/- 8.22, respectively, which was significantly different (P < 0.01). On the basis of the present findings, it appears that the dosage of cucumin capable of producing a 50% contraction of the bladder was 40 mg. This study did not show any linear relationship between doubling curcumin dosage and the doubling of gall bladder contraction.
On the basis of the present findings, it appears that curcumin induces contraction of the human gall-bladder.
COVID-19 pandemic has surprised many organizations, this condition has an impact on changing the work culture of organizations. The role of information technology has proven to be the chosen solution for maintaining organizational performance. The main objective of this study is to explore the challenges and opportunities for e-leadership. The main focus of the study is directed at educational organizations and small and medium enterprises in Indonesia. A qualitative approach is used to interview informants scattered in several regions in Indonesia by information technology mediation. An important finding in this paper is that many organizations are not ready to face this condition so that the role of e-leadership is very effective for organizations to maintain the organizations performance and leaders can change their leadership style through social learning and overcome the challenges they must face to become e-leader. In addition, we also find that female leaders tend to be superior to men as e-leader, especially in terms of information technology skills and the use of social media. This paper concludes that e-leadership can be created by leaders who can overcome challenges and seize opportunities to build competitive advantage strategies.
This research was conducted to see the role of the production cost budget in increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of controlling production costs at PT. Tolan Tiga Indonesia in North Sumatra. The type of data used is quantitative data. Sources of data used are primary and secondary data. Data collection methods used for this research are documentation, observation and interviews. The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis. The results showed that the company was still less effective and efficient in carrying out production budget activities, because PT. Tolan Tiga Indonesia has not attempted to improve production cost control in order to increase its effectiveness and efficiency because there are still many levels of unfortunate or unforable variance between the relationship and the company budget. It can be seen in 2016 and 2017 the realization and production costs of PT. Tolan Tiga Indonesia in North Sumatra experienced a favorable variance where the realization rate decreased compared to the company budget. The unfavorable deviation was caused by high staff allowance expenses, increased overhead expenses, increased management expenses, increased depreciation expenses and increased third party depreciation expenses.
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