Abstract-This I. INTRODUCTIONThe armed struggle of communist in Malaysia were not ended in 1960 eventhough government positively declared the country was free from communist guerrilla activities after the twelve-years bloody clashes in the First Malayan Emergency (1948Emergency ( -1960. The insurgency which was started as the struggle against the colonial domination was transformed into war against the sovereign state of Malaysia(formerly known as Malaya before September, 1963). This paper seek to demystify the factors that motivate the second wave of communist armed struggle that led to Second Emergency in Malaysia (1968Malaysia ( -1989 Communist Party of Malaya (CPM) in Peninsula Malaysia.The experiences collaborating with Forces 136 and training received by the members of CPM from the 101 Special Training School (101 S.T.S) gave the advantage to them in practising the art of guerilla warfare in countering the British during the First Malayan Emergency. Force 136 was the code-name given to a special underground division and their activities were confined to the Southeast Asia countries occupied by the Japanese, while the objectives for the formation of 101 STS were to unite all races in Malaya and to form a single opposition front to help the British check the advance of Japanese forces, as well as to train them in guerrilla warfare [2] . This group formed their own core of the guerrilla force known as the Malayan Peoples Anti-Japanese Army (MPAJA) and continue to receive training and weapon supply from STS in Singapore. 'The most important decision taken at this post-Baling conference concerned the military stance we should adopt from the point onwards. We studied three options. We could lower the intensity of our attacts. We could increase them. Or we could generally maintain the war at its then current level. Each was examined for the impact it would likely have on the CPM's long -term prospects -both military and political' [1].Thus, after the post Baling Talks, the communist took the first option that was to lower the intensity of their movement for a short period of time before they decided to increase their guerrila warfare activities. At this quiet time, the communist shapern their guerrilla strategy, not only in jungle or villages, but also in urban areas. II. METHODOLOGYThe research paper utilizes the content of the text from primary sources, the transcript of clandestine CPM's radio, Suara Revolusi Malaya and from the memoir of SecretaryGeneral of CPM Chin Peng. This is a qualitative method that explain the reason of Communist reactive their armed struggle in Malaysia and their failure to maintain power in the soil of Malaysia. III. SECOND WAVE OF ARMED COMMUNISM IN MALAYSIAThe second wave of armed communists struggle in Malaysia was started in 1968, before CPM return to armed struggle again, there were active with the recruitment of new communist members in order to expand their guerrilla forces. They used the platform of political education and much effort in conducting a heavy programme of lectu...
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