Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungus causing various forms of candidiasis. However, under certain circumstances it is capable of becoming pathogenic. Pathogenicity of oral candidiasis is a complex process and there is no one factor that can be regarded as the direct cause. This review aims to explain the virulence factors of Candida albicans in oral candidiasis infection and its relation to homeostasis in the mouth. Virulence factors of Candida albicans which is closely related to the nature of pathogens include: adherence and coaggregation, interference of immune system, phenotype switching and several supporting factors such as antibiotic resistance and immunomodulating. How to cite this article Nasution AI. Virulence Factor and Pathogenicity of Candida albicans in Oral Candidiasis. World J Dent 2013;4(4):267-271.
Background: Traumatic ulcer is a lesion in oral mucosa as a result of physical and mechanical trauma, as well as changes in salivary pH. Jatropha multifida sap can act as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and re-epithelialization, and can also trigger the healing process of ulcers. Purpose: Research was aimed to determine the potential of Jatropha multifida sap against traumatic ulcer base on clinical and histopathological healing process. Method: This research was conducted laboratory experimental model, with rats (Rattus norvegicus) as the subject as well as Jatropha multifida sap for ulcer healing. Those subjects were divided into four groups: two treatment groups administrated with pellet and Jatropha multifida sap, one group as the positive control group administrated with 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide, and one group as the negative control group administrated with 0.9% NaCl. Ulcer manipulation was used 30% H 2 O 2 , and evaluation of ulcer healing was used clinical and histopathological approach. Result: Clinically, the healing process of ulcers in the treatment group with Jatropha multifida sap was faster than that in the positive control group with 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide, indicated with the reduction of the ulcer size until the missing of the ulcers started from the third day to the seventh one (p≤0.05). Histopathologically inflammatory cells (lymphocytes, and plasma cells) declined started from the third day, and the formation of collagen and re-epithelialization then occurred. On the seventh day, the epithelial cells thickened, and the inflammatory cells infiltrated. Statistically, those groups were significant (p≤0.05). Conclusion: Jatropha multifida sap has a significant potential to cure traumatic ulcers on oral mucosa clinically and histopathologically.
(r = -0.376 and p<0.017). On the other hand, there was no significant correlation between nicotine levels levels labeled on cigarettes with salivary pH of those smokers (r = -0.107, p>0.512). There was no correlation between nicotine levels labeled on cigarettes and salivary pH of those smokers (r = -0.216, p>0.181). Nevertheless, there was a significant correlation between salivary flow rate and salivary pH of those smokers (r= 0.686, p<0.00,). Conclusion: There is a strong correlation between the intensity of smoking with salivary flow rate and its pH. However, there is no correlation between nicotine levels labeled on cigarettes and both salivary flow rate as well as salivary pH.
Saliva have significant roles in maintaining the health of oral cavity. Salivary flow and composition of saliva play a critical role. Saliva also serves as buffer system. Increasing the salivary flow will increase salivary buffer capacity and pH of saliva. Salivary buffer capacity serves to protect the teeth from the acid that comes from food which is formed by acidogenic microorganisms. Milk and dairy are good diet for children that recommended by American Heart Association (AHA). Cheese as one of dairy mild can increase the salivary flow, that help keep the dental hygiene, and prevent bacteria sticking to the teeth. The aim of the study was to identify the effect of cheese and milk consumption on salivary buffer capacity of students aged 10-12 year at Sekolah Dasar Negeri 57 Banda Aceh. Salivary buffer capacity after consume cheese measured after chewing cheese 4 gram about 32 times whereas salivary buffer capacity after consume milk consumption was measured after gargling 25 ml milk 34 times. Salivary buffer capacity measured with Saliva-check buffer (GC). Results of Wilcoxon test showed significant differences (p<0.05) salivary buffer capacity after consumption of milk compared with cheese. Capacity buffer salivary after consumption of cheese higher than milk. In conclusion, cheese and milk consumption have effect on salivary buffer capacity. Salivary buffer capacity after cheese consumption is higher than after milk consumption.
Objective To determine the effect of ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) and RcPrep to microstrain of human root dentin. Materials and method Fifteen extracted human premolars were sectioned at the cementoenamel junction using a diamond bur disk. Every group was then sectioned horizontally in the third cervical, third middle and third apical to have total of 45 specimens. Based on the test solutions used, specimens were divided randomly into three groups: (1) the EDTA group: 0.05 ml of 17% EDTA for 15 minute (n = 15), (2) the RcPrep group, 0.05 ml of 15% EDTA-urea peroxide-carbowax for 15 minutes (n = 15), and (3) the control group, 1 ml of 0.9% saline for 15 minutes (n = 15). All specimens were prepared for the determination of microstrain of root dentin using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The microstrain of root dentin calculated using the equation ? = Br cos?/sin? then statistically analyzed using regression test. Result Analysis of regression between control and treatment groups were significant (p < 0.05). The microstrain was significantly greater with 17% EDTA when compared with 15% RcPrep. In addition, based on XRD result, all specimens showed same patterns as apatite groups. The pattern of RcPrep group showed better material than EDTA group. Conclusion EDTA and RcPrep can contribute to improvements of microstrain of root dentin. In comparing these properties, the RcPrep showed lower effect than EDTA. How to cite this article Nasution AI. Microstrain of Human Root Dentin after Chelating Agents Application. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2016;5(1):11-15.
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