Contribution/ OriginalityThis study is emphasizing the adverse effects of the synthetic food colorants on human health as previously reported in the literature.

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Background and Objective: Acacia nilotica is a species of nilotica in the Fabaceae family. Phytoconstituents in the pods extract may be responsible for the antimicrobial activity of the plant. The purpose of this study was to formulate and evaluate hydrophilic ointment of Pods extract microbiologically. Materials and Methods: Medicated Ointment was formulated as 5% dry methanolic extract of 50 g of powdered material of Acacia nilotica pod, hydrophilic bases were used. Commercially available Fucidin ointment was used as a standard for this study. Six formulae were prepared and evaluated for various pharmaceutical parameters such as rheological properties, stability, pH and external characters as well as anti-microbial property against different pathogenic micro-organism. Inhibition zone (in mm) of different ointments was also measured. Two-way ANOVA was used to analyze the obtained data. Results: Each of ointment mixture of extract and citric acid and ointment of extract alone were better than each of ointments of citric acid, standard fucidin ointment and non-medicated one. Conclusion: Acacia nilotica pods have satisfactory results pharmaceutically as well as biologically and promote good antimicrobials properties.

In this study a total of 209 well water samples analyzed after well drilling (construction routine analysis, CRA) and a total of 121 well water samples analyzed by the current study (CS) were used to investigate the distribution of TDS and its effect by long-term pumping of groundwater. Results indicated that the majority of TDS levels (<250 mg/l) are dominant in the southern part of the study area and the levels between 500 and 750 mg/l are dominant in the central part, whereas the levels (>750 mg/l) characterized the northern part of the study area. The TDS levels increase progressively from the southern towards the northern periphery of the study area along the recharge flow direction from the Blue Nile. Trendcomparison between the CRA and the CS data indicated that the TDS levels are continuously decreasing during withdrawal-time in accord with the daily pumping rate and aquifer geochemical formation type.

Contribution/ OriginalityThis study contributes to the existing literature by drawing the attention to the environmentally safe storage of gum Arabic by using new detection and analytical procedures that are logically acceptable by gum Arabic researchers, producers and retailers. Moreover, this study contributes significantly to the current body of knowledge pertaining to gum Arabic handling after harvest.

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