Results indicate that phakic intraocular lens implantation is a viable treatment for myopia and astigmatism after PKP in patients for whom glasses, contact lenses, or corneal refractive surgery are contraindicated.

Breast feeding results in lower aflatoxin exposure. Also, a strong association between aflatoxin exposure and impaired child's growth exists.

The present experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of rearing water temperature in combination with or without hormone application on masculinization of newly hatched O. niloticus fry. Nile tilapia fry (0.025 g) were reared in three levels of temperature 25, 30 and 35°C and in each rearing temperature fry were fed diet with or without supplementation of 60 mg 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. O. niloticus fry fed diet without MT and reared at different water temperature 25, 30 and 35°C significantly increased the male ratio from 48.67 to 48.67 and 65.33% after one week; 48.67 to 64.00 and 72.67% after two weeks; 48.67 to 68.67 and 77.33% after three weeks and 48.67 to 80.67 and 84.00% after four weeks, respectively. While fry fed diet supplemented with MT with increasing rearing water temperature from 25 to 30 or 35 °C significantly increased male percentage from 58.00 to 84.67 and 86.00% after one week; 67.66 to 93.33 and 96.67% after two weeks; 79.00 to 97.33 and 98.67% after three weeks and 85.67 to 98.00 and 99.33% after four weeks. Mortality rate for O. niloticus fry reared at different water temperature 25, 30 and fed diet without MT significantly increased from 10.33 to 14.00 and 14.33% after one week; 10.33 to15.33 and 15.00% after two weeks; 10.33 to 15.33 and 15.17% after three weeks and 10.33 to 15.83 and 16.83% after four weeks. But, supplementation of O. niloticus feed diet supplemented with MT and increasing rearing water temperature from to 30 or 35°C significantly increased mortality rate from 14.67 and 14.00% after one week; 16.00 and 15.67% after two weeks; 15.33 and 15.67% after three weeks and 16.00 and 17.33% after four weeks of treatment. The highest fry body weight was recorded for fry group administrated with MT and reared at water temperature of 35°C and the opposite trend was observed with fry group reared at the lower temperature (25°C) and fed diet without MT.

Article information Background: Cases of rheumatoid arthritis [RA] are characterized by a decreased life expectancy, as well as a 50% are at greater risk of developing cardiovascular diseases [CVD] compared to other subjects. Precocious myocardial dysfunction can be detected more accurately and faster with speckle -tracking Echocardiography. The aim of the work: This study attempts to evaluate the function of myocardial Left ventricular [LV] systole via Speckle Tracking Echocardiography [STE] strain imaging in RA cases with the absence of [CVD] and to correlate the results with the disease features. Patients and Methods: A case control study, which recruited 60 RA cases [with a median age of 46.22 ± 8.14 years] without known CVD, as well as 60 healthy controls. Results: Assessment of speckle-tracking for [LV] systolic function revealed diminished Global Longitudinal Strain [GLS] in patient group [-16.80% vs. -22.35%, PP<0.001]. A negative association has been detected between RA as well as GLS duration [r = -0.301]. Receiver operating characteristics [ROC] curve was utilizedto determine the optimal cut-off value GLS value that was -20, with 76.7% sensitivity, 80% specificity, 92% positive predictive value, 63% negative predictive value, as well as with 83.9% diagnostic accuracy. Conclusion: GLS measurement using STE is valuable in detecting impairment of left ventricle systolic function in RA patients, even in the presence of normal ejection fraction. Not only that but also, the degree of systolic function impairment is correlated to RA disease activity. This raises the concern that inappropriate management of RA activity could lead to development of CVD.

Tilapia is a popular food fish all over the world and in Egypt it has been raised as food for human consumption for a long time. A field study was conducted on brood stock Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus to improve their reproductive performance by some commercial feed additives. Both sexes were individually stocked into hapas (enclosures) and fed a basal diet supplemented with graded levels 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g Therigon ® kg-1 diet (T 1-T 4 ; T 1 as a control treatment, respectively); 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 g Nuvisol Hatch P ® kg-1 diet; (T 5-T 7); 20, 40 and 60 mg gibberllic acid kg-1 diet (T 8-T 10) for female only and 700, 900 and 1100 mg L-carnitine kg-1 diet for males only (T 12-T 14), respectively for 19 day. Results revealed that fish ovaries in all treatments (T 2-T 10) contained more advanced oocytes at final maturation stage with clear histological alterations of fish fed the highest levels of these feed additives, especially with gibberllic acid treatment. Fish treated with 60 mg gibberllic acid kg-1 diet (T 10) showed the worst histological effects on fish ovary among all treatments. Addition of 700 and 900 mg L-carnitine kg-1 diet caused maturation of testes better than the control treatment (T 11). Meanwhile, fish fed 1100 mg L-carnitine kg-1 diet (T 14) showed degeneration and severe hemolysis in seminiferous tubules. Low bacterial loads were recorded (in gills, liver, intestine and ovary / testes) at the high level of Nuvisol Hatch P ®. Data proved that the high bacterial load was detected in fish treated with L-carnitine in both tested media and in all tested organs. Meanwhile, low bacterial load was observed in the liver, ovary and testes in all media comparing with the other organs (gills and intestine).