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Abstract:In the present paper, simple, rapid and reliable colour tests such as Sodium azide test, Modified nitric acid test, Azo dye test, Boudouin test, Hexabromide test, Halphen's test, Molybdate method and Solvent partition test have been reported for the detection of adulterants in edible oils. These are performed for synthetic mustard oil, argemone oil, physically refined rice bran oil, sesame oil, linseed oil, cottonseed oil, castor oil and palmolein respectively (respective sensitivity level as 0.1%, 0.1%, 2.5%, 0.2%, 1.0%, 0.5% and 2.0%).

Citrus fruits represent the third major fruit in India, next to Mango and Banana. Citrus fruits comprise about 10% of total fruits produced in India (4.57 million tones out of 44.04 million tones) (1). It occupies about thirteen percent of total area under fruit cultivation (0.48 million hectare out of 3.72 million hectare). India produces about five million tones of Citrus fruit cultivated over 0.5 million-hectare area. The production of Citrus fruit in India is about seventy four percent of the world citrus fruit production. India has a huge potential of producing Citrus peel oil i.e. about 2700 metric tones per annum (based on 0.6% recovery of oil from whole fruit), while very small amount (2-3 tones) is being produced presently.Genus Citrus comprises sixteen species and eight varieties. Among these Citrus reticulata (Mandarin) is the most important commercial crop which occupies about 39% of the area under cultivation of Citrus fruit. Citrus flavours are among the most popular fruit flavours for beverages. Citrus fruit comprised of about 25-30% peel. The peel consists of two parts inner part i.e. albedo which is white in colour and outer part i.e. flevedo which is green in colour. Peel oil is confined in oblate to spherical shaped oil glands which is known as oil sacs. The oil sacs are intercellular cavities embedded irregularly at different depth in the flavedo beneath 355 JOS

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In the last years, Interleave Division Multiple Access (IDMA) has been presented as a potential alternate of Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system. In IDMA systems, the interleavers are used to separate the users of the system in multiple access environments. Random interleaver is popular and basic taxonomy, which scrambles information bits of craving users with different patterns. However the indispensable characteristics of a random interleaver such as bandwidth requirement, computational complexity, and memory restraint at both transmitter and receiver end is uttermost. Further, it has also been observed that the study of role of chaos in interleaver design is very limited in literature. Hence, in this paper, a low complexity chaos based interleaver named as modified Tent map interleaver is designed for further performance improvement of IDMA system and the characteristic parameters are compared with the random interleaver. The IDMA system model uses a BPSK modulation and repetition coder with a code rate of 1/2 . The system is simulated in MATLAB and results show that the better BER performance without the need of extra memory resources.K e y w o r d s: IDMA, tent map, chaos, random interleaver, computational complexity

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In the present paper simple, rapid, reliable and economical colour test has been reported for the detection of sesame oil in other oils and fats. When few drops of sesame oil or other oil/fat sample containing sesame oil treated successively with hydrochloric acid and alcoholic solution of 2-thiophene carboxaldehyde followed by shaking of the mixture a pink or deep red colour develops within five minutes in the lower acid layer indicating the presence of sesame oil. This test is sensitive to the extent of 0.1% of sesame oil in other oils and fats.