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Treatment of wounds is essential as the wound can also be lethal at some point in time if not healed properly. Ethnomedicinal plants can treat wounds as they have no side effects, whereas, in the case of chemical drugs, the side effects are on the rise. In this study, seeds of Moringa oleifera which is the essential ethnomedicinal plant, were studied for wound healing efficacy. The study was planned for the assessment of in vitro (antioxidant and antimicrobial activities) and in vivo (excision and incision wound healing models) wound healing efficacy of n-hexane extract and hydrogels of Moringa oleifera seeds. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were assessed by DPPH free radical scavenging assay and Agar well diffusion method, respectively. In excision and incision wound models, Swiss albino mice were used for wound healing efficacy of hydrogels, i.e., 5% and 10% hexane extracts of Moringa oleifera seeds. The n-hexane extract showed antioxidant as well as antibacterial activities. Moreover, the hydrogels formulated using n-hexane extract of Moringa oleifera seeds showed significant wound healing activity compared to both control and standard until the end of the protocol in both the models. Furthermore, the histopathological investigation confirmed the findings of accelerated regeneration of tissue accompanied by a decrease in inflammatory cells and increased vascularity of the immediate skin. The results (both in vitro and in vivo) claimed conclusively that our n-hexane hydrogel formulation of Moringa oleifera seeds might serve as an alternative therapy in skin restoration during wound healing.

Moringa oleifera (MO) is mostly inhabiting in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. It is notable for its therapeutic and nutritious qualities on the grounds that each piece of this plant can be exploited for restorative and sustenance purposes. The restorative and healthful qualities are because of the nearness of certain essential and optional metabolites contained by the plant. The phytochemicals screening uncovered the occurrence of auxiliary metabolites. These bioactive mixes can be utilized as a part of curing numerous ailments. MO is a versatile plant whose seeds comprise an excellent consumable oil (up to 40% by weight) and water-solvent protein that acts viable coagulants for water and wastewater treatment. The fruitful utilization of shelled MO Lam. seeds as a biosorbent presents a more affordable ecologically inviting technique for the expulsion of different irresistible metals from contaminated watery media. Aside from turbidity expulsion, MO, additionally, has antibacterial properties. The aim of this review is to present a complete analysis of the traditional uses and pharmacological properties of MO. Furthermore, this review is to update wide numbers of phytochemical constituents which have been isolated from the plant, and these constituents possess several medicinal properties.

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In England, the term ‘multi‐sensory impairment’ (MSI) has come to overlap with other labels, which is problematic for both research and practice. We undertook a scoping review of empirical studies conducted in England over the past 20 years on MSI and overlapping labels. We designed and used a review protocol and combined multiple searching methods, including repeated database searches, manual searching of journals and expert recommendations. We identified 29 studies that met the criteria for inclusion in the review, and we analysed these according to three themes: (1) terminology used, (2) topic explored, and (3) methodology adopted. We found that terminology was varied and poorly defined, with a lot of overlap between key terms that were used sometimes interchangeably. Moreover, studies varied in the level of transparency provided when methodology was reported. Finally, there was a dearth of research into inclusion in mainstream schools and research gathering learners’ voices. Implications for future research include the need for: (1) identification of factors that have led to overlapping terminology, (2) greater transparency in how the methodologies used in the field are reported, and (3) more evidence, especially from research on strategies in settings that promote inclusion, and research that includes learners’ voices.

Background: Effective clinical escalation on recognition of maternal or fetal deterioration is a crucial component of maintaining safety in intrapartum settings. Objective: To overview systematic reviews on interventions for escalating care around birth. Search strategy: Reviews published 2015 to 2021. Sources searched included eight databases. Selection criteria Reviews involving randomised controlled trials on the clinical impact on mothers and neonates, process outcomes, and/or qualitative evidence on stakeholders’ perspectives on intervention. Where gaps were found other types of review evidence were considered. Data collection and analysis Cochrane approaches applied including in evaluating evidence quality. Results Seven systematic reviews and one scoping review were relevant for in-depth review: six were on clinical impact, and two on perspectives (studies from 16 countries, over 909,027 pregnancies/births of undefined risk). In comparison with no intervention, early warning systems trigger tools and team training in obstetric emergencies were evaluated. Various measures of clinical impact were used, only one on time-to-treat. We found that most evidence was of low to very-low quality because of study limitations and imprecision as outcomes are rare, and overall failed to find a clinical improvement favouring early warning systems trigger tools or training. Qualitative studies captured challenges in implementing trigger tools. Reviews of women’s perspectives or other types of care escalation were searched but not identified. This is not to suggest studies don’t exist. Conclusions Conclusions cannot be made on clinical effect of interventions to escalate care around birth as review evidence is limited. Evaluations need to consider use of proxy outcomes.