tions between intermediate electrode reaction products and the starting material, producing substances which can be further oxidized to cause the stoichiometry of the reaction to become complicated (5). This difficulty is largely eliminated in thin layer chronopotentiometry.Application to Kinetics Studies. The thin layer technique is well suited to the study of chemical reactions coupled to the electrochemical reaction. For example, if species A is not electroactive, but in slow equilibrium with an electroactive species B, the complete oxidation of species B in the electrode cavity would lead to a transition time corresponding to the equilibrium amount of B initially present. If the current is turned off for a measured time and then a second anodic chronopotentiogram recorded, the transition time would be a measure of the rate at which A is converted to B. An experimental application of these ideas to a study of the rate of formation and dissociation of metal chelates is in progress.
Americium is one of the more important impurity elements found in plutonium because of its growth (as Am241) from radioactive decay of Pu241, a common plutonium isotopic constituent. A method is described in which americium is determined simultaneously with other impurities by emission spectrography after separation from plutonium by anion exchange in 8N nitric acid. Europium is used as an internal standard for americium while cobalt is used for the other impurity elements. The rate of burning of the sample during spectrographic excitation is controlled by the use of a gallium oxide matrix. The relative standard deviation of the method for americium is less than 6% with a lower limit of detection of 0.03 µg.
I lists the average results obtained from a minimum of three determinations of each compound. The trinitrofluorenone complexes of -naphthol and /S-naphthol are dibasic, and the values listed for the neutralization equivalents are one half the molecular weight. The neutralization equivalents of the other complexes are synonymous with their molecular weights.
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