Five dogs with chronic-recurring diarrhea were positive for Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), but were unresponsive to treatment with metronidazole. One of these animals was subjected to a colonoscopy, which revealed eosinophilic infiltration of the colon. All five animals completely recovered after dietary changes. The present work suggests that CDI might occur in dogs with other intestinal alterations. In addition, this report suggests that dysbiosis should be considered in animals that have chronic-recurring diarrhea and test positive for C. difficile.
RESUMOUm cão Poodle, macho, de 20 anos, não castrado, apresentou prostração, apatia, andar cambaleante, falta de apetite e infestação por carrapatos. Nesse animal, foi diagnosticado tumor de células de Sertoli em um testículo não descendente, utilizando-se citologia, histopatologia e imuno-histoquímica. Pancitopenia com anemia moderada não regenerativa, leucopenia e trombocitopenia intensas foram detectadas no hemograma. Na avaliação citológica e histopatológica da medula óssea, havia celularidade de 30%, constituída pelas linhagens eritroide (59%) e linfoide (40%) e por mastócitos (1%), com ausência de células das linhagens granulocítica, monocítica e megacariocítica. Em exames post mortem, mudanças relacionadas à hemostasia foram encontradas. A ausência de micro-organismos nos testes moleculares e a concentração sérica de estrogênio acima dos valores de referência confirmaram hiperestrogenismo como a possível causa da pancitopenia. A literatura descreve hiperestrogenismo em tumores de células de Sertoli induzindo pancitopenia associada com hipoplasia da medula óssea de todas as linhagens hematopoiéticas. Em contraste, no presente caso, as células precursoras eritróides estavam preservadas na medula óssea, embora não houvesse reticulócitos no sangue. Assim, o relato apresentado deve ser considerado em futuras investigações de pancitopenia induzida por hiperestrogenismo em tumor de células de Sertoli.
Metronomic chemotherapy consists of an anticancer modality treatment. It is applicable in patients at an advanced stage, with the objective of increasing overall survival. The aim of this study was to report an anal sac apocrine carcinoma case in a dog with lymph node metastasis treated with metronomic chemotherapy sequential to surgery and conventional chemotherapy using gemcitabine and carboplatin.Metronomic chemotherapy was associated with cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors, due to strong tumor COX-2 immunohistochemistry expression. Metronomic chemotherapy was initiated with cyclophosphamide, but it was replaced by lomustine, also in metronomic dosage, due to adverse effects. Treatment showed effectiveness, since the patient's overall survival exceeded 1095 days (36 months), considerably higher than the mean overall survival expected for this pathology.Keywords: dog, oncology, angiogenesis inhibitor, cyclophosphamide, lomustine Palavras-chave: cão, oncologia, inibidor de angiogênese, ciclofosfamida, lomustina
RESUMO
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.