Relevance. In the implementation of state social obligations, food security plays a special role, since through the food supply system, human needs for food products are met. The purpose of the work is to analyze the level of consumption of basic foodstuffs by the population and determine further ways to solve the problem of food supply in the Bryansk region.Methods. The following methods of economic research were used in the article (within the framework of a systematic approach): monographic, comparative, economic and statistical.Results. The standards of consumption of basic foodstuffs in Russia are considered, a comparative analysis of Russian standards with those of other countries is carried out. The per capita consumption of basic foodstuffs in the Russian Federation and the Central Federal District is analyzed. Аn objective analysis of the level of consumption of agricultural products by the population of the Bryansk region, which allows us to determine the state and prospects for the development of key sectors of the agricultural sector and the achievement of import substitution policy. The study period covers 2005–2021. Regional peculiarities of ensuring food security are revealed. A negative aspect is the problem of economic availability of food in the region in the necessary volumes and assortment for the population with low incomes, which is due to rising inflation and a decrease in real incomes. The directions allowing to increase the efficiency of ensuring food security of the region are proposed.
The article presents results of studies of two scientific and economic experiments on giving compound feeds to young nursery pigs, which included highprotein feed and different doses of smectite tripoli. In the first experiment, young pigs in the test groups received 4.0% of dry milk whey in the combined feed instead of dried skimmed milk substitute and 1.5 and 2.0% of smectite tripoli as a substitute for Mikosorb-A, which was included in the control group feed. In the second experiment, the test groups received the same compound feed composition as in the first experiment, but natural mineral supplement was increased (smectite tripoli of 2.5 and 3.0%). With the same energy nutritional value of compound feeds, but with different doses of natural mineral supplements, the average daily gains were greater in the test groups that received additives of 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0%, respectively by 3.5% and 4.3 % in comparison with the control groups. In the experiments, the amount of nitrogen retained in the body of young pigs was established, which can be used to judge the intensity of protein metabolism and its use in product synthesis. When 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0% of smectite Tripoli, which is rich in minerals, was included in the feed composition, it contributed to nitrogen retention and its use in the first experiment, 3.7% more nitrogen was retained in the third group, nitrogen was retained by 10.8% in the second experiment in the second test group and in the third group by 15.0% more in comparison with the control, which affected the degree of protein deposition in meat. Depending on degree of nitrogen deposition in the body of young pigs, a part of growth obtained due to protein synthesis is determined. The results of calculating the efficiency of exchange energy usage in the body of young pigs in two experiments showed that caloric coefficient of production is greater in animals of the experimental groups and was 20.3-20.6% due to more economical consumption of exchange energy for heat production. It was found during production check that the cost of production in the experimental group was lower by 1.5%, and the level of profitability was 4.6% higher.
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