We represent here our report on the remote study of the Martian atmosphere near the surface by a compact aerosol diode lidar during the Mars Surveyor Lander-98 mission. We are planning to study the daily and seasonal variations of the vertical structure of the atmosphere near the surface, both in active and passive mode. In passive mode, the lidar will measure: 1) sky brightness by basic receiving channel;2) sky brightness in polarization plane of additional receiving channel.In active mode, the lidar measures the vertical profile ofthe atmospheric backscatter coefficient.

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Instantaneous air pollution fields in towns have mosaic structure and to measure its probability function one needs a measuring network with great number of sensors. The problem can't be solved purely by means ofa computer simulations because ofthe turbulent character ofthe air flows among buildings. In present paper we studied this problem by using of lidar measurements and computer simulations simultaneously. The lidar data was used for the model parameterization. To simulate the atmosphere transport ofthe pollution puffs over city buildings we developed the special computer trajectory model. It takes into account the processes of plume widening while spreading over obstacles The model is easily adjusted on the base of a plume geometrical and transparensy lidar measurements. It uses the approximation of a quasipotential flow. The model accounts the widening of a plume flowing around buildings through effects of air volumes scattering on the potentials that represent building configurations. This method was used to study air polluted zones from one of Moscow heat power station.