The purpose of the research: study of Ivermectin pharmacokinetics in horses organism after the application of Equiverm antiparasitic paste. Materials and methods. For studying of pharmacokinetics of Equiverm in blood plasma of five manorial breed horses at the age of 6-7 years, with the weight about 400-450 kg antiparasitic paste was injected orally by syringe dispenser in an amount of 0.2 mg/kg body weight, and then blood sampling from jugular vein was performed in 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 ,9, 24, 48, 96, 144, 288, 456, 624, 720 hours for the following determination of the concentration of Ivermectin in blood plasma of horses by high pressure liquid chromatography with ultra-violet detection using P.K. Sanyal method (1994). Validated method of determination Ivermectin in blood serum of was developed. It allows determining this analyte in extremely low concentrations (LOD value is 0.03 ng/mL, LOQ value is 0.09 ng/mL). Results and discussion. Ivermectin is absorbed in horses digestive tract after oral administration and it reaches defined blood serum concentrations in 1-2 hours after oral administration of antiparasitic paste - 0.2 ng/mL. Maximum concentration of 0.84 ng/mL was registered in 7 hours, and Ivermectin level decreased gradually to 0.2 ng/mL by the fourth day. Therefore, upon oral administration of Equiverm antiparasitic paste ivermectin was absorbed well enough and it enters the systemic circulation where it circulates during 4 days. Only trace amounts of Ivermectin are determined two weeks after drug administration.
This study is aimed at identifying organs and/or target organs systems that are most sensitive to the toxic effect of the drug under study, as well as determining the level of cumulation and reversibility of pathological changes in the animal body influenced by the pharmacological substance. During a 14-day sub-acute (intramuscular injection) experiment on outbred rats, it has been found that doses of 2.260 mg/kg (1/5 of LD50=1.1300 mg/kg) and 1130 mg/kg (1/10 of LD50=1.1300 mg/kg) were toxic and the dose of 565 mg/ kg was threshold (1/20 of LD50=1.1300 mg/kg). The investigated product Florfenicol VS 30 (developed by VETSFERA, Russia) in the tested doses caused a significant decrease in the body weight and significant changes in hematological and biochemical blood parameters. Integral indices in test groups were characterized by severe depression, decreased food activity, weakened skeletal muscle tone, and poor skin turgor. Gastrointestinal disorders were observed during all weight recording periods, while animals were injected with toxic doses. By day 14 of the experiment, the drug at a dose of 565 mg/kg (tolerable level) caused no changes in the behavior of experimental rats or their functional states. The disturbed hemopoiesis and significant hypoproteinemia revealed were reversible.
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