Void evolution in silicon under inert and dry oxidizing ambient annealing and the role of a Si1鈭抶Gex epilayer cap J. Appl. Phys. 112, 054909 (2012) Predicting effective permittivity of composites containing conductive inclusions at microwave frequencies AIP Advances 2, 032109 (2012) Computational measurement of void percolation thresholds of oblate particles and thin plate composites J. Appl. Phys. 111, 124903 (2012) Vacancy clustering and its dissociation process in electroless deposited copper films studied by monoenergetic positron beams J. Appl. Phys. 111, 104506 (2012) A molecular "phase ordering" phase transition leading to a modulated aperiodic composite in n-heptane/urea A review is presented of the recent advances in the study of oxygen precipitation and of the main properties of oxide precipitates in silicon. After a general overview of the system "oxygen in silicon," the thermodynamic% and the kinetics of the precipitate formation are treated in detail, with major emphasis on the phenomenology; subsequently, the most important techniques for the characterization of the precipitates are illustrated together with the most interesting and recent results. Finally, the' possible influence of oxygen precipitation on technological applications is stressed, with particular attention to recent results regarding device yield. Actually, the essential novelty of this review rests on the attempt to give an extended picture of what has been recently clarified by means of highly sophisticated diagnostic methods and of the influence of precipitation on the properties of semiconductor devices. 0 1995 American Institute of Physics.~.
Nonthermal generation of coherent-acoustic phonons is observed in metallic nanoparticles of tin and gallium, which are solid and liquid, respectively, at room temperature, by applying femtosecond pump-and-probe spectroscopy. Oscillations in the photo-induced differential reflection are clearly detected in the picosecond time domain. The measured period increases approximately linearly with size over a wide range and extracted sound velocities are consistent with those of bulk. Transition to ballistic regime in carrier excitation is also discussed on the basis of the disappearance of oscillations for particle sizes below hot-carrier mean free paths.
We report on femtosecond transient reflectivity measurements performed on metallic tin nanoparticles, embedded in an Al 2 O 3 matrix, with average radii in the range 20-60 脜. It was observed that the time behavior of the transient reflectivity decays depends upon particle size. The results can be interpreted in terms of a size-dependent electron-surface interaction in the thermalization process and of a substantially sizeindependent electron-electron thermalization.
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