BiFeO 3 , when forming a solid solution with BaTiO3, shows structural transformations over the entire compositional range. Above 70 mole % of BiFeO3 the structure is rhombohedral and below 4 mole %, it is tetragonal. In between the structure is cubic. The ferroelectric TC decreases with increasing composition of BaTiO3 and a relatively small relaxation is observed. Impedance measurements showed a structural dependence and analysis of which has clearly shown that the capacitance observed is from the bulk of the sample. Relaxation time (τ) of BiFeO3 was estimated using the relaxation times of the intermediate compositions. Magnetization measurements showed field induced ferromagnetism. As the structure becomes cubic with increasing concentration of BaTiO3, paramagnetism sets in, as evidenced by the electron spin resonance spectra.

and are members of the Aurivillius family of compounds having simultaneous electrical and magnetic ordering. Magnetoelectric measurements carried out in a linear time-varying magnetic field with an alternating-current field superimposed yielded a non-linear signal. The shift from linearity, which is not usually observed for antiferromagnetic materials, may be due the tilt in the octahedra. The variation of the magnetoelectric output with temperature for and indicated magnetic anomalies with enhanced sensitivity, corresponding to those in magnetization data.

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Rare earth ions; Nd, Sm, Gd, and Dy, are substituted at the bismuth site in bismuth iron titanate, a four-layered compound which belongs to bismuth layer structured ferroelectrics. A solid-state sintering route was adopted in synthesizing the materials. X-ray diffraction indicates the formation of single-phase materials. The dielectric measurements showed the anomalies at high temperatures. Dynamic magnetoelectric measurements showed magnetoelectric output at room temperature and at low temperatures. Thus, the material is ferroelectromagnetic in nature.

BiFeO3 forms solid solutions with BaTiO3, over the entire compositional range, with different crystal symmetries. Magnetoelectric (ME) measurements carried out with a superimposed alternating-current magnetic field, together with a time-varying direct-current magnetic field in isothermal conditions, indicated non-linearity. The peak observed coincided with a metamagnetic transition in the magnetization data. Rather than the spin flop reported earlier, it is a gradual reorientation of spins towards the field direction that destroys the spiral spin arrangement. With increasing content of BaTiO3, a quadratic signal was observed, indicating the structural dependence of the magnetoelectric effect. The temperature variation of the ME output in the investigation carried out for x = 0.75 indicates magnetic transitions.

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