The aim of the study was to evaluate oxidative stress around parturition in normally calved and dystocia-affected buffaloes and the clinical efficacy of vitamin E and selenium (Se) in reducing the effects in buffaloes suffering from dystocia. Plasma cortisol concentration, erythrocytic malondialdehyde (MDA) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were evaluated in dystocia-affected (supplemented (n = 8) and unsupplemented (n = 5) with vitamin E and Se) and normally calved (unsupplemented; n = 6) buffaloes. The decline in plasma cortisol concentration, MDA level and SOD activity was greater in the group of dystocia-affected buffaloes supplemented with vitamin E and Se (78.62 +/- 2.7%, 13.38 +/- 9.75% and 28.83 +/- 7.72%, respectively) than in the unsupplemented group (54.33 +/- 12.62%, 3.48 +/- 4.16% and 17.69 +/- 12.93%, respectively). These results suggests that supplementation with antioxidants like vitamin E and Se may be beneficial in reducing oxidative stress in dystocia-affected buffaloes in the immediate postpartum period.

The present study has been undertaken to analyze the effect of various processing methods like (i) soaking followed by autoclaving with (a) ash, (b) sodium bicarbonate, (c) sugar and (d) water; (ii) dry heating and (iii) fermentation on nutritional and antinutritional components of under-utilized tree legume Parkia roxburghii. The applied methods were found to enhance the protein (15-36 %) and lipid content (11-69 %) and to decrease the other proximal components. All the methods significantly reduced the antinutrients viz. condensed tannins, phytate, saponins, trypsin inhibitors, chymotrypsin inhibitors and lectins. Exceptionally, increased content was documented on total phenolics (117-207 %) and tannins (171-257 %). These reduced antinutritional loads have led to an increase in protein (9-20 %) and starch digestibility (75-254 %). Fermented kernels, the best processed form showed characteristic leguminous pattern for content and composition of amino acids, fatty acids and minerals. So knowledge gathering and exploration of nutritionally balanced under-utilized legumes would enhance food and nutritional security.

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On summarization, it insinuated that both bark and empty pods can be used for the preparation of antioxidant/nutraceutical supplements and in anti-diabetic formulations.

The vibrational, magnetic resonance and electronic spectral techniques are used to evaluate structural activity associated physico-chemical properties. The biological affinity and drug importance was validated by calculating biological parameters using HyperChem. Mulliken charge assignment for restoring chemical potential for generating drug potential in the molecular site was mapped and analyzed. The vibrational spectral pattern was estimated by identifying active and inactive bands and hindrance of vibrational activity of Acetamide group was monitored and thereby drug malfunction was tested. The chemical reaction pathway around the core carbons of chain and ring was keenly noted and the cause of chemical potential for the inducement of drug mechanism was reported. The stimulation of chemical mechanism for antibiotic activity was addressed by suitable evidence and further improvement for enhancing activity was made. The electronic HOMO and LUMO interaction over different molecular entities are discussed to expose accompany of drug mechanical transitions. The CT complex was recognized to be C¼N and C¼C bonds and operating drug mechanism was monitored. The unwanted drug property induced by perplexes of charge depletion on α-hydroxyl group was assessed from MEP map. The hyperactive polarization energy of 266.18 X10 À33 esu and 327 X10 À33 esu of present compound is causing biological activity in good order. The uncontrolled breathing region of Acetamide group was clarified in VCD profile and this is main cause to produce toxicity in drug process.

The effect of soaking followed by autoclaving in various solutions such as ash, sodium bicarbonate, palm sugar and water; dry heating; and fermentation on antioxidant power of two underutilized legumes Acacia auriculiformis and Parkia roxburghii has been investigated. In comparison with the unprocessed ones, processed seed extracts of Acacia and Parkia have been registered with 1-29% loss and 4-29% gain of phenolics, respectively. The processing methods enhanced the reducing power (13-92%) and free radical-scavenging activity on synthetic radicals (2,2′-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl [DPPH]: 5-31%; and 2,2-azinobis [3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid] diammonium salt [ABTS]: 1-80%). However, significant reductions were noticed on scavenging activity of biologically relevant radicals (hydroxyl: 8-87%; superoxide anion: 4-85%; and nitric oxide: 14-80%) and peroxidation inhibition (10-48%). Invariably, all the processing methods enhanced the protection capacity on erythrocytes and DNA against oxidative insults. Among the processing methods, dry heating and fermentation retained the antioxidant potential in A. auriculiformis and P. roxburghii, respectively, than other methods. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSLegume seeds, the protein-rich plant sources, have to be cooked/processed before consumption so as to eliminate their native antiphysiological factors and to enrich their nutritional values. Daily consumption of legumes in preventing lifestyle diseases due to its phytoceuticals is best valued in the present scenario. Hence, this study demonstrated the effect of various processing methods on phenolics and the antioxidant capacity of two underutilized legumes Acacia auriculiformis and Parkia roxburghii by an array of in vitro tests. Knowledge on these types of locally available plants could provide useful data for the development of potential future crop resources for various food and feed applications and further reduces the pressure on conventional/cash crops. bs_bs_banner Journal of Food Quality

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