IntroductionThe objective of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes and behavior regarding antibiotics of the general population.MethodsThe study sample consisted of adult subjects who consulted general practitioners at health centers in Serbia and agreed to complete the questionnaire. A total of 668 questionnaires were distributed; 500 respondents completed the entire questionnaire (response rate 74.85%).ResultsThe average age was 51.65 ± 16.56 years, 60.80% of the respondents were women. The median antibiotic knowledge score was 9. Predictors of adequate antibiotic knowledge were higher education level and a family member whose ocuppation was related to health-care. Overall, 58.4% of respondents believed that antibiotics could be used to treat common cold. Around a half of the respondents (47.2%) self-medicated with antibiotics at least once during their life-time, and around a quarter (24.2%) during the last treatment of infection. Patients with inadequate knowledge had 3 times higher chances of self-medicating with antibiotics compared to those with adequate knowledge. Although 98.20% of respondents claimed that antibiotic treatment should be started after a visit to a doctor and receiving a prescription, only 65.8% obtained antibiotics with prescription from a doctor during the last infection.ConclusionsAlthough these results demonstrate that respondents had a relatively adequate level of knowledge regarding antibiotics use, some areas of misconceptions and improper behavior were identified. Therefore, further rationalization should be focused on educational campaigns targeting the behavior of patients with regard to antibiotic use.

SUMMARYIntroduction: With the growing trend for legalization of cannabis and its derivatives in Serbia, pharmacists are likely to be consulted on the safety, effi cacy, and drug-drug or drug-disease interactions of medical cannabis. Thus, the aim of our study was to assess pharmacy students' knowledge and attitude toward medical cannabis use in Serbia to determine if additional education is needed. Subjects and methods: In the study students from the fi nal year of the study program of integrated academic studies of pharmacy at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad were asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire regarding their knowledge and attitudes on the use of cannabis and its derivatives in medical purposes. After giving their written informed consent, they were instructed by the researchers on how to complete the questionnaire. All questionnaires were administered between August 1, 2017 and August 15, 2017. The study was approved by the Ethical Committee of the Faculty of Medicine in Novi Sad; a total of 80 questionnaires were distributed. The questionnaire consisted of 3 groups of statements on which they should mark level of their agreement related to students' knowledge about the use of cannabis and its derivatives in therapeutical purposes, potential negative eff ects, dispensing in a pharmacy and legalization of cannabis and its derivatives in medical purposes. Results: Although 91.2% of the respondents agreed that cannabis and its derivatives could potentially have therapeutical eff ects, much lower percentage of respondents (51.3%) were familiar with possible therapeutical eff ects of cannabis. The same percentage of respondents learned about therapeutical eff ects of cannabis from sources other than school. About third (31.3%) of our respondents thought that the use of cannabis and its derivatives in therapeutical purposes could cause their abuse and the similar percentage of respondents (33.8%) thought that issuing cannabis and its derivatives in the pharmacy could expose a pharmacist to the certain dangers such as insisting on the issuing without the prescription or robbery. About 90% of the respondents agreed it is necessary to create clear guidelines for the use of cannabis and its derivatives in therapeutical purposes and 76.3% of the respondents thought that doctor's prescription is necessary for their dispensing in a pharmacy. Most of the respondents (75%) agreed that, based on the experiences of the countries which have

Huinulus lupulus L. (hop) (Cannabidaceae) has been reported to have hypnotic and sedative effects (1-3). But there have been few recent reports concerning the detailed behavioral effects of the hop. Thus, we have investigated the CNS effects of Humulus lupulus (hop) extract using several behavioral tests, such as spontaneous locomotor activity, rotarod test, potentiation of pentobarbital-induced sleep, hypothermic, analgesic, and anticonvulsant tests in mice. Hop extracts (Emil Flachsmann AG) was administered to ICR mice (30-40 g, 6-8 weeks of age) at the doses of 100, 250, or 500 mg/kg i.p., thirty minutes before each test. 1: Spontaneous locomotor activity: Spontaneous locomotor activity (Rhema-Lahoratechnic, Karl KoIb Co.) measured for 1 h was dose-dependently suppressed at doses above 250 mg/kg i.p.. 2: Rotarod performance: The time which mice were able to remain on the rotarod (13 rev. min1, diameter of 5.5 cm, cutoff time of 2 mm) was decreased by 59% and 65%, at the dose of 250 and 500mg/kg i.p., respectively.

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