The sorption of uranium and thorium fluorides by activated carbon from the eutectic was studied. The sorption isotherms of both fluorides at a temperature of 650°C have a pronounced convex character and are described by the Langmuir equation. Experiments were carried out on the sorption of protactinium by activated carbon AG-3 at 650°С from a melt of alkali metal fluorides LiF–NaF–KF containing thorium and neodymium fluorides. It was found that with an increase in the concentrations of neodymium or thorium fluorides, the value of protactinium sorption diminishes, and in the case of thorium fluoride, the decrease occurs to a greater extent. When protactinium is sorbed by activated carbon with metallic sodium, the sorption enhances by a factor of 20 at the 30% sodium content in the carbon. The separation factors of protactinium from other actinides rise with increasing sodium content in the carbon.
The possibility of preparing a high-effi ciency chemical sorbent consisting of calcium and lithium hydroxides was determined. The optimal conditions of mixing these hydroxides to obtain the optimal pore structure and sorption properties of the sorbent were determined. Under the conditions proposed the protective capacity of the sorbent at low concentrations was increased to almost 40 L kg -1 .
Data demonstrate the possibility of manufacturing adsorbents by using inorganic industrial waste and provide raw material list for this purpose. Inorganic waste coming from water treatment, mining and construction industries, solid fuel combustion products, spent inorganic sorbents, catalysts and chemical absorbers, chemical, metallurgical and metal finishing industries waste are used as raw materials. Adsorbents production methods by using inorganic industrial waste have been analysed, and parameters of porous structure and adsorbents sorption activity in terms of organic compounds and cations of non-ferrous metals resulting from aqueous medium are listed.
The sorption of neodymium and thorium fluorides by AG-3 activated carbon from molten alkali metal fluorides LiF–NaF–KF has been studied. The sorption isotherm of neodymium fluoride at 650°C has a pronounced convex and is adequately described by the Langmuir equation. The sorption of thorium fluoride under the same conditions is much weaker than that of neodymium fluoride, which is determined by the size of the neodymium and thorium fluoride complexes. The kinetic dependence of the sorption of neodymium fluoride at a temperature of 650°С is adequately described by a first-order equation for a reversible reaction. The temperature dependence of sorption capacity in the range 550–750°С passes a maximum within 600–650°С.
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