Департамент научно-технологической политики и образования Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Российский научно-исследовательский институт информации и технико-экономических исследований по инженерно-техническому обеспечению агропромышленного комплекса»
Департа мент научно-технологической политики и образования Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Российский научно-исследовательский институт информации и технико-экономических исследований по инженерно-техническому обеспечению агропромышленного комплекса»
The economic instability of recent decades has various social consequences. One of which is the emergence of abandoned agricultural areas. Analytical studies have shown that geolocation, aimed at creating a digital image of agricultural areas, reveals exclusion zones. The government has set the task of developing programs to involve the agricultural turnover of unused land. It is proposed to carry out a system-architectural design of the target zoning of territories. The selection of the basic model within the architecture of the Database of agricultural lands in circulation is supplemented by a block of a digital image for recognizing resource opportunities. The problem of developing a formalized set of typed commands that structure knowledge about the state of territories and their functionality for expert programming systems is solved. The database is formed from declarative (factual), procedural, and control knowledge. To form the database, the state of unused agricultural land in the country was shown. A forecast was given by the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia for the involvement of fallow lands in the turnover by the end of 2030. The concept of the efficiency of involving unused agricultural land into circulation was presented. A mathematical description of the risks and a graphical presentation of ways to achieve the efficiency of returning unused land by a set of indicators of risk restrictions were given. The key advantage of the developed concept is the creation of a modular-type production infrastructure, which is modernized and filled according to the current needs of economic activity, which is flexible to changes in internal factors and does not require external resources.
Critical risks of ecosystem identity violation in the structure of landscape-recreational formation of the environment of cities and small settlements are identified. The dependence of the functional load of urban areas with industrial and civil facilities and the ability to restore the ecosystems of the adjacent small rivers and reservoirs is established. The necessity of modeling urban areas based on the “attraction zone” and “exclusion zone”, the verification of technical solutions for engineering systems of water protection complex harmonized with the natural environment is substantiated. A conceptual model for controlling of the risks of developing urban areas is proposed, that is focused on the mechanism for managing water body renovation programs taking into account risk factor analysis. A technique has been developed for restoring water bodies to the level of harmonized functioning by means of anticipatory diagnosis of risk-failures of the danger of environmental disruption. The introduction of digital indicator that determines the level of harmonized stability of functioning of engineering systems of water protection complex in the environment as an additional indicator of the economic and environmental activities of the regions will improve the accuracy of assessing environmental benefits and losses in planned projects.
The solution to the problems of assessing the technical condition of special equipment is presented at a multidisciplinary level, as a combination of scientific and technical, practice-oriented research. The purpose of study: development of a digital mechanism for assessing the uncertainty of the state of special equipment systems with real-time monitoring of the intensity of parameter changes, recognition and predictive notification of the probability of risk-failure. It has been established that, in accordance with the theory of probability, there can be only one failure in a unit at a time, even if several damages are diagnosed, and then there is always a single cause. The introduction of the concept of “integrated parameter” supplemented the characteristics of functional and structural multiparameter connections of the state of the unit and made it possible to substantiate the mechanism for recognizing the uncertainty of the state of special equipment systems as a whole. A diagnostic model has been built based on the use of the main provisions of information theory, which represents the unit as a system containing the risk of uncertainty in terms of failure, which is distributed over all structural elements of the unit. An algorithm for recognizing the spatial displacement of uncertainty zones is proposed, the translation of which into a digital format with the introduction of a characteristic criterion will provide a search for a defect (risk-failure). The practical implementation of the risk-failure recognition mechanism is carried out on a simulation model of a change in the state of a technical system using the example of a cardan joint of a technological machine, which is under severe operating conditions during reclamation work. The inclusion in the design of technological machines of a digital module for monitoring the technical condition of the unit is substantiated, including: a module for recognizing the elemental structure; a software shell with a calculation algorithm for evaluating parametric changes; module of interface predictive notification of risk-failure; service control module by state.
Questions of efficiency of operation of machine and tractor units are considered and recommendations about improvement of system and infrastructure of ensuring operability of cars taking into account features of structure of park of machine and tractor units in today’s conditions are offered during the ameliorative works.
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