In the present study a statistically significant effect of ginger extract could only be demonstrated by explorative statistical methods in the first period of treatment before cross-over, while a significant difference was not observed in the study as a whole.
Polyacrylamide hydrogel (PAAG) has been used as a tissue filler in facial corrective surgery and for breast augmentation in Kiev, Ukraine, for more than 10 years with reportedly very good results. These results, however, have not been published in peer-reviewed journals. A Danish/Swedish group of plastic surgeons with special interest in facial corrective surgery did a retrospective, systematic, pre-planned investigation of 104 patients treated at the center in Kiev. All data were entered into a pre-programmed database for data processing. The mean age of this population was 37.4 years and the mean time since the gel injection was 3.9 years. An average of 5.7 ml of PAAG was injected prior to the investigation. The gel was well tolerated and assessment of the outcome was judged to be very good by 78% and good by 22%, by both physicians and patients. It is concluded that PAAG is well tolerated and seems to be a promising product for facial corrective surgery. Currently, the product (Aquamid) is being studied in several prospective clinical trials, one of which is completed and in the process of preparation for publication.
Objectives:The primary objective of this study is to compare the effects of ibuprofen with placebo on post-exercise induced muscle soreness. The secondary objective is to explore the effects of glucosamine sulphate versus placebo on post-exercise induced muscle soreness. Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug which relieves pain and reduces inflammation. Glucosamine sulphate is a naturally occurring amino monosaccharide in the human body. It is biosynthesized from glucose, and is used to form glycosamineglycan, a constituent of proteoglycans, and an important component of the extracellular matrix of articular cartilage.Methods: Ibuprofen 1,200 mg/day, 1,500 mg/day glucosamine sulphate, or placebo was given orally daily for 22 days to three groups, each consisting of 20 healthy men [aged 24.3 ± 3.1 years] in a double-blind, randomized controlled parallel group study. Subjects carried out an intensive eccentric exercise of the first dorsal interosseous muscle of the left hand on a standardized hand exerciser on day 14. Muscle tenderness was assessed by the pressure pain stimulation on days 0, 14 [before exercise], 14 [immediately after exercise], 15, 16 [the days of maximal tenderness], and 22.Results: Muscle tenderness on days 0 and 14 [before exercise] was not different in the three groups. Muscle tenderness was significantly increased in the group consuming 1,500 mg/day glucosamine sulphate as compared with the placebo group day 15 and day 16 after the exercise [P < 0.033]. There was no significant difference between ibuprofen versus placebo. None of the participants reported any serious adverse effects.Conclusion: Glucosamine sulphate facilitates muscle tenderness whereas systemic administration of ibuprofen is not capable of inhibiting experimentally induced muscle tenderness/ soreness.
Plasma metronidazole was measured following a single intravenous dose of 20 mg/kg (Flagyl 5 mg/ml) in 12 infants less than 1 year of age undergoing abdominal surgery. In all patients sufficient plasma concentrations, well above the MIC values for anaerobic bacteria, were found for at least 16 h. A prolonged half-life was demonstrated in the group less than 8 weeks of age (t1/2/18.4 h). The group over 8 weeks of age demonstrated a t1/2 comparable to that seen in adults (t1/2 7 h).
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