Resumen: El objeto del estudio es analizar cómo los ciclos económicos afectan a la inversión en el tercer sector del deporte y a los resultados deportivos internacionales. Se comparan los modelos de España y Reino Unido. Se seleccionaron los resultados olímpicos de ambos países en los últimos 20 años (Sídney 2000; Atenas 2004; Pekín 2008; Londres 2012 y Río 2016. Los resultados muestran como España ha ido disminuyendo la inversión pública en deporte desde la crisis, pero ha logrado mantener sus resultados deportivos en los Juegos Olímpicos. Esto evidencia una posible mejora de los recursos públicos y de la generación de recursos propios. Reino Unido muestra una recuperación económica mucho más sólida, que ha potenciado sus resultados deportivos, casi doblando el número de medallas en el periodo poscrisis. Se constata una mayor eicacia y eiciencia del modelo de Reino Unido que necesita menos de la mitad de deportistas olímpicos para conseguir excelentes resultados, generando un coste de medalla por habitante un 50% menor que España. Palabras clave: resultados deportivos, Juegos Olímpicos, federaciones deportivas, economía deporte, subvenciones. . he results show how Spain has been decreasing public investment in sports since the crisis, although maintaining its sport results. his shows an improvement of public resources and its own resources. UK shows a much stronger economic recovery, which has boosted its sports results as it has almost double the medal number in the post crisis period. here is a greater efectiveness and eiciency of the UK model that needs to send less than half Olympic athletes to get excellent results, generating a medal cost per inhabitant 50% lower than Spain.
Los mega-eventos deportivos crean una nueva imagen del país anfitrión, atrae a espectadores y a los medios de comunicación (Santo, 2005; Cornelissen y Swart, 2006). El impacto económico de un evento puede definirse como el cambio económico neto en el país anfitrión que deriva del gasto atribuido al evento (Crompton, 1995). Ya que uno de los beneficios más importantes son los beneficios permanentes en la ciudad (Witt, 1988) como la mejora de las instalaciones o la imagen del país. En relación al turismo de un gran evento hay un moderado incremento del turismo interno de negocios en una ciudad durante el desarrollo del evento (OECD, 2012). Por lo tanto, la ciudad aumenta su potencial de inversión y actividad comercial (Avison Young, 2003) El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar el impacto económico generado por los asistentes en la ciudad de Granada durante la Universiada Granada 2015. Mega-sport events create a new image of the host country, attracting viewers and the media (Santo, 2005; Cornelissen and Swart, 2006). The economic impact of an event can be defined as the net economic change in the host country that derives from the expenditure attributed to the event (Crompton, 1995). Since one of the most important benefits are the permanent benefits in the city (Witt, 1988) as the improvement of the facilities or the image of the country. In relation to the tourism of a big event there is a moderate increase of the internal business tourism in a city during the development of the event (OECD, 2012). Thus, the city increases its investment potential and commercial activity (Avison Young, 2003). The objective of the present study was to analyze the economic impact generated by the attendees in the city of Granada during the Universiade Granada 2015.
Tourism, including sports tourism, is an important driver of social and economic development. Sports tourism events, and small-scale sporting events in particular, are a powerful resource for promoting tourism in the host city, as a viable way of developing sustainable tourism in the local community. This study aims to analyse the impact of functional quality, outcome quality, satisfaction, and perceived value on intentions to recommend the host city among participants in a small-scale sporting event. A total of 866 runners in a 21-km recreational race participated in this study. A multi-item scale was used and a confirmatory factor analysis of the model was carried out, and the presence of gender differences in the relationships was ascertained using a multigroup analysis. The results revealed a direct effect of functional quality and satisfaction, and an indirect effect of outcome quality and value on intentions to recommend the city. Intention to recommend the city and functional quality showed differences between males and females. In conclusion, managing quality is a key strategy in encouraging participants in small-scale sporting events to recommend the host city.
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