The development of environmental dealings for the green synthesis of metal nanoparticle using plant mediated process is evolving an important branch of nano biotechnology. It offers a controlled synthesis of metal nanoparticles with welldefined shape, size, composition and morphology. The present study reveals the green synthesis of gold nanoparticle that is non-toxic, novel and eco-friendly. This synthesis approach is cost effective, eco-friendly and promising method for generation of new materials which can be used for many potential applications in field of science and medical. The colour change in UV-visible spectroscopy at absorption peak of 536 nm occurred due to the surface Plasmon Resonance effect. The antimicrobial activity and mechanism of gold nanoparticles studies for the bacterial growth of gram-negative bacteria like E.coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and gram-positive bacteria like Bacillus subtilis respectively. Highly crystalline nanoparticles of size 10nm are confirmed from HR-TEM which supports with d spacing of XRD analysis. Further the characteristics of the obtained gold nanoparticles were studied using XRD, UV-Vis spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopic, and High Resolution Transmission Electron microscopy and the results are presented in detail.
Cationic polyethylenimine (PEI)-based nonviral gene carriers
have
been desirable to overcome the limitations of viral vectors in gene
therapy. A range of PEI derivatives were designed, synthesized, and
evaluated for nonviral delivery applications of plasmid DNA (pDNA).
Linolenic acid, lauric acid, and oleic acid were covalently conjugated
with low-molecular-weight PEI (M
w ∼
1200 Da) via two different linkers, gallic acid (GA) and p-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHPA), that allows a differential loading of
lipids per modified amine (3 vs 1, respectively). 1H NMR
spectrum confirmed the expected structure of the conjugates as well
as the level of lipid substitution. SYBR Green binding assay performed
to investigate the 50% binding concentration (BC50) of
lipophilic polymers to pDNA revealed increased BC50 with
an increased level of lipid substitution. The particle analysis determined
that GA- and PHPA-modified lipopolymers gave pDNA complexes with ∼300
and ∼100 nm in size, respectively. At the polymer/pDNA ratio
of 5.0, the ζ-potentials of the complexes were negative (−6.55
to −10.6 mV) unlike the complexes with the native PEI (+11.2
mV). The transfection experiments indicated that the prepared lipopolymers
showed higher transfection in attachment-dependent cells than in suspension
cells based on the expression of the reporter green fluorescent protein
(GFP) gene. When loaded with Cy3-labeled pDNA, the lipopolymers exhibited
effective cellular uptake in attachment-dependent cells while the
cellular uptake was limited in suspension cells. These results demonstrate
the potential of lipid-conjugated PEI via GA and PHPA linkers, which
are promising for the modification of anchorage-dependent cells.
Nanofluids are quasi single phase medium containing stable colloidal dispersion of ultrafine or nanometric metallic or ceramic particles in a given fluid. Nanofluids possess immense potential of application to improve heat transfer and energy efficiency in several areas including vehicular cooling in transportation, power generation, defense, nuclear, space, microelectronics and biomedical devices. In the present contribution, a brief description about the Nano Tio2 has been presented to provide an update on the historical evolution of this concept, possible synthesis routes, level of improvements are reported. According to this review, the future developments of these technologies are discussed.
Marine cyanobacteria Lyngbya Majuscula supported manganese dioxide-based novel green nanoparticle synthesised by simple precipitation method. The combination of microscopic and spectroscopic techniques we are using to characterise the synthesised Lyngbya Majuscula with manganese nanoparticles (LmMnO2NPs). The preparation of manganese dioxide nanoparticles is an entirely eco-friendly green synthesis method. The existence of biomolecule-based metal oxides was confirmed using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The XRD pattern confirms a crystalline nature and polydispersity. The optical transmission 269 nm using commonly used UV spectra and compute the optical band gap values of the material to be approximately 3.71 eV. The photodegradation study reveals manganese dioxide nanoparticles under LED light to 86% degradation within the 150 min of reaction. The standard volume of the synthesised manganese dioxide nanoparticles range was 115.8, and the DLS study confirms the 0.375 polydispersity index value. The green synthesised manganese dioxide nanoparticles obtained from the blue-green algae extract of Lyngbya Majuscula revealed potent antimicrobial activity Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus luteus, Aspergillus niger, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Trichoderma viride. In addition, the biosynthesised manganese dioxide nanoparticles may lead to better activity against the pathogenic microorganisms by the agar well diffusion method.
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