Aim: The present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy following extraction of an impacted mandibular third molar. Materials and methods:This randomized controlled trial was conducted on a total of 60 patients who were randomly assigned into three groups: Group I individuals were given 625 mg of combined amoxicillin and clavulanic acid tablet; 625 mg of combined amoxicillin and clavulanic acid tablet + 400 mg metronidazole tablet was given to group II individuals; whereas group III individuals were assigned no treatment. All the individuals underwent surgical extraction of impacted mandibular third molars under strict aseptic techniques, with minimal trauma to the surrounding tissues. Mouth opening in millimeters was recorded postoperatively using Vernier calipers on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th days. A 4-point visual analog scale (VAS) was used for assessing postoperative pain. Patient satisfaction was further assessed in a subjective manner using a graded scale from "very satisfied" to "very unsatisfied". better satisfaction than the other group individuals. There was no statistically significant difference between the mean age of groups. It was observed that on day 3, the number of individuals with severe pain was slightly reduced in the group I compared with group III individuals. On day 5, participants with no pain were significantly more in group II followed by group I. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant difference between the study groups with respect to mouth opening on days 3 and 5. Results Conclusion:It was concluded from this trial that the administration of postoperative antimicrobials showed no significant differences in the degree of postoperative complications that occur following the surgical extraction of impacted mandibular third molars.Clinical significance: Antimicrobial drugs are routinely used to reduce the chances of surgical site infection, either preoperatively or postoperatively. Therefore, the clinicians should have sound knowledge about choosing the better antimicrobial drug after the extraction of impacted third molars.

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Aim:The aim of this study is to compare triangular and envelope flap designs and the postoperative outcome in the surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar. Materials and methods:A total of 50 participants were assessed clinically and were divided randomly into two groups. Group I (participants operated by triangular flap) and group II (participants operated by envelope flap), with 25 participants each between the age group of 20 and 30 years. Patient satisfaction was assessed subjectively using a graded scale from very satisfied to very unsatisfied. The degree of pain was recorded for 7 days with reference to predefined values on visual analog scale (VAS). Trismus was evaluated on the day 3, day 5, and day 7 of the postoperative period in millimeters. Quantitative data were analyzed by unpaired t-test and qualitative data were by Fischer's exact test. Results:The mean overall age is 25.5 years. There was no statistically significant difference between the study groups with respect to age. There was no significant association between the patient satisfaction and flap type (p = 0.684). A significant difference between the study groups on 4th, 5th, and 6th days with respect to pain was observed, wherein fewer subjects operated with triangular flap reported pain. A highly significant difference in mouth opening was observed, with triangular flap group participants having a higher mouth opening than envelope flap subjects on day 7. Comparative Evaluation of Two Different Flap Designs and Postoperative Outcome in the Surgical Conclusion:The present study indicated that participants operated by triangular flap had a better mouth opening postoperatively compared with envelope flap participants, whereas there were no significant differences in patient satisfaction and pain scores at the end of the 7th day after third molar surgery.Clinical significance: Flap design is a significant factor in the surgical removal of impacted third molar, and it influences the severity of complications. Furthermore, it is important for allowing optimal visibility and access to the impacted tooth and also for subsequent healing of the surgically created defect.

Background and objective: Mandibular fractures are the most frequent and sub condylar region is a common site of fracture. Proper management of sub condylar fracture is a matter of controversy. Improper management of sub condylar fracture can lead to impaired function and aesthetics. Hence a timely and appropriate management of sub condylar fracture is mandatory. Aim of the study was to evaluate the merits and demerits of conservative management of mandibular sub condylar fractures.